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MADE BY THE LOCAL BOARD FOR THE DISTRICT
OF WIRKSWORTH, ACTING AS THE URBAN
SANITARY AUTHORITY, WITH RESPECT TO
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NEW STREETS AND BUILDINGS. |
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1. In the construction of the byelaws relating to new streets
and buildings the following words and expressions shall have
the meanings hereinafter respectively assigned to them, unless
such meanings be repugnant to or inconsistent with the context
or subject matter in which such words or expressions occur;
that is to say-
"The Sanitary Authority" means the Local Board for the
District of Wirksworth :
" The District" means the Local Government District of
Wirksworth:
" Base " applied to a wall means the under side of the course
immediately above the footings :
" Topmost storey" means the uppermost storey in a building,
whether constructed wholly or partly in the roof or not, and
whether used or constructed or adapted for human habitation
or not:
" Party wall" means-
(a) A wall forming part of a building and being used or
constructed to be used in any part of the height or length
of such wall for separation of adjoining buildings belonging
to different owners, or occupied or constructed or
adapted to be occupied by different persons; or
(b) A wall forming part of a building and standing, in
any part of the length of such wall, to a greater extent
than the projection of the footings on one side, on grounds
of different owners:
A 2
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"External wall" means an outer wall of a building not being
a party wall, even though adjoining to a wall of another
building :
"Public building" means a building used or constructed or
adapted to be used, either ordinarily or occasionally, as a
church, chapel, or other place of public worship, or as a
hospital, workhouse, college, school (not being merely a
dwelling house so used), theatre, public hall, public con-
cert room, public ball room, public lecture room, or public
exhibition room, or as a public place of assembly for per-
sons admitted thereto, by tickets or otherwise, or used or
constructed or adapted to be used, either ordinarily or
occasionally, for any other public purposes:
"Building of the warehouse class" means a warehouse, fac-
tory, manufactory, brewery or distillery:
"Domestic building" means a dwelling-house or an office
building, or other out-building appurtenant to a dwelling-
house, whether attached thereto or not, or a shop, or any
other building not being a public building, or of the ware-
house class:
"Dwelling-house" means a building used or constructed or
adapted to be used wholly or principally for human habi-
tation:
"Width," applied to a new street, means the whole extent of
space intended to be used, or laid out so as to admit of
being used as a public way, exclusive of any steps or projections
therein, and measured at right angles to the course
or direction or intended course or direction of such street.
Exempted Buildings.
2. The following buildings shall be exempt from the operation
of the byelaws relating to new streets and buildings:-
(a.) Any building in Her Majesty's possession, or employed
or intended to be employed for Her Majesty's use or service :
(b.) Any county lunatic asylum, any sessions house, or any
other public building belonging to or wholly and permanently
occupied by the justices of the peace of the county, in which
such asylum, sessions house, or other public building may be
situated or may be erected :
(c.) Any gaol, house of correction, bridewell, penitentiary, or
other prison, and any building occupied or intended to be
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occupied by any prison officer for the use of such prison and
contiguous thereto :
(d.) Any building (not being a dwelling-house) belonging to
any person or body of persons authorized by virtue of any Act of
Parliament to navigate on or use any river, canal, dock, harbour,
or basin, or to demand any tolls or dues in respect of the navi
gation of such river or canal, or the use of such dock, harbour,
or basin, and used or intended to be used exclusively under the
provisions of such Act of Parliament for the purposes of such
river, canal, dock, harbour, or basin :
(e.) Any building (not being a dwelling-house) erected or
intended to be erected in connection with any mine, and used
or intended to be used exclusively in the working of such mine:
(f.) Any building erected or intended to be erected under the
Improvement of Land Act, 1864, or other Acts for the improve
ment of land administered by the Enclosure Commissioners for
England and Wales :
(g.) Any building which may not be exempt by the operation
of any of the preceding clauses of this byelaw, and which may
be erected or may be intended to be erected in accordance with
such plan and in such manner as may be approved or directed
in pursuance of any statutory provision in that behalf by one of
Her Majesty's Principal Secretaries of State :
(h.) Any building erected and used, or intended to be erected
and used, exclusively for the purpose of a plant-house, orchard-
house, summer-house, poultry-house, or aviary, which shall be
wholly detached, and at a distance of ten feel at the least from
any other building, and which shall not be heated otherwise
than by hot water, and in which the fireplaces (if any) shall be
detached, with no flues of any kind within such plant-house,
orchard-house, summer-house, poultry-house, or aviary :
(i.) Any building which shall not exceed in height thirty feet
as measured from the footings of the walls, and shall not exceed
in extent one hundred and twenty-five thousand cubic feet, and
shall not be a public building, and shall not be constructed or
adapted to be used either wholly or partly for human habitation,
or as a place of habitual employment for any person in any
manufacture, trade, or business, and shall be at least eight feet
from the nearest street, and at least thirty feet from the nearest
building and from the boundary of any adjoining lands or
premises :
(j) Any building which shall exceed in height thirty feet as
measured from the footings of the walls, and shall exceed in extent
one hundred and twenty-five thousand cubic feet, and shall
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not be a public building, and shall not be constructed or adapted
to be used either wholly or partly for human habitation, or as a
place of habitual employment for any person in any manufacture,
trade, or business, and shall be distant at least thirty feet from
from the nearest street, and at least sixty fed from the nearest
building and from the boundary of any adjoining lands or
premises :
(k.) Any building erected or intended to be erected for use
solely as a temporary hospital for the reception and treatment
of persons suffering from any dangerous infectious disorder,
With respect to the Level of New Streets
3. Every person who shall lay out a new street shall lay out
such a street at such level as will afford the easiest practicable
gradients throughout the entire length of such street for the
purpose of securing easy and convenient means of communica-
tion with any other street or intended street with which such
new street may be connected or may be intended to be connected,
and as will allow of compliance with the provisions of
any statute or byelaw in force within the district for the regulation
of new streets and buildings.
With respect to the Width and Construction of New Streets.
4. Every person who shall lay out a new street which shall
be intended for use as a carriage road shall so lay out such street
that the width thereof shall be thirty-six feet at the least.
5. Every person who shall construct a new street which shall
exceed one hundred feet in length shall construct such street for
use as a carriage-road, and shall, as regards such street, comply
with the requirements of every byelaw relating to a new street
intended for use as a carriage-road.
6. Every person who shall lay out a new street which shall
be intended for use otherwise than as a carriage road, and shall
not exceed in length one hundred feet, shall so lay out such street
that the width thereof shall be twenty-four feet at the least :
Provided always that this byelaw shall not apply in any case
where a new street shall not be intended to form the principal
approach or means of access to any building, but shall be intended
for use solely as a separate means of access to any premises
for the purpose of removing therefrom the contents of any
receptacle of any privy, or of any ashpit, or of any cesspool,
without carrying such contents through any dwelling-house or
public building, or any building in which any person may be or
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may be intended to be employed in any manufacture, trade, of
business.
7. Every person who shall construct a new street for use as a
carriage-road shall comply with the following requirements:-
(a.) He shall construct the carriage-way of such street so that
the width thereof shall be twenty-four feet; at the least.
(b.) He shall construct the surface of the carriage-way of such
street so as to curve or fall from the centre or crown of such
carriage-way to the channels at the sides thereof; the height of
the crown of the carriage-way above the level of the side chan
nels being calculated at the rate of not less than three-eighths of
an inch and not more than three-fourths of an inch for every foot
of the width of such carriage-way.
(c.) He shall construct on each side of such street a footway
of a width not less than one-sixth of the entire width of such
street.
(d.) He shall construct each footway in such street so as to
slope or fall towards the kerb or outer edge at the rate of one
half of an inch in every foot of width, if the footway be not
paved, flagged, or asphalted; and at the rate of not less than a
quarter of an inch and not more than one-half of an inch in every
foot of width, if the footway be paved, flagged, or asphalted.
(e.) He shall construct each footway in such street so that the
height of the kerb or outer edge of such footway above the
channel of the carriage-way (except in the case of crossings
paved or otherwise formed for the use of foot passengers) shall
be not less than three inches at the highest part of such channel
and not more than seven inches at the lowest part of such channel,
8. Every person who shall construct a new street shall provide
at one end, at least, of such street an entrance of a width
equal to the width of such street, and open from the ground
upwards.
With respect to the Structure of Walls, Foundations, Roofs,
and Chimneys of new Buildings for securing Stability and the
Prevention of Fires, and for Purposes of Health.
9. A person who shall erect a new building shall not construct
any foundation of such building upon any site which
shall have been filled up with any material impregnated with
fecal matter or impregnated with any animal or vegetable
matter, or upon which any such matter may have been deposited,
unless and until such matter shall have been properly
removed, by excavation or otherwise, from such site.
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10. Every person who shall erect: a new domestic building
shall cause the whole ground surface or site of such building
to be properly asphalted or covered with a layer of good cement
concrete, rammed solid, at least six inches thick.
11. Every person who shall erect a new building shall cause
such building to be enclosed with walls constructed of good
bricks, stone, or other hard and incombustible materials, properly
bonded and solidly put together:-
(a.) With good mortar compounded of good lime and clean,
sharp sand, or other suitable material; or
(b.) With good cement; or
(f.) With good cement mixed with clean, sharp sand.
12. Every person who shall erect, a new building shall construct
every cross wall, which, in pursuance of the byelaw in
that behalf, may, as a return wall, be deemed a means of determining
the length of any external wall or party wall of such
building, of good bricks, stone, or other hard and incombustible
materials properly bonded and solidly put together:-
(a.) With good mortar compounded of good lime and clean,
sharp sand, or other suitable material; or
(b.) With good cement; or
(c.) With good cement mixed with clean, sharp sand.
13. A person who shall erect a new building shall not construct
any wall of such building so that any part of such wall
not being a projection intended solely for the purposes of architectural
ornament, or a properly constructed corbel, shall overhang
any part beneath it.
14. Every person who shall erect a new building shall cause
every wall of such building which may be built at an angle with
another wall to be properly bonded therewith.
15. Every person who shall erect a new building shall construct
every wall of such building so as to rest upon proper
footings.
He shall cause the projection at the widest part of the footings
of every wall, on each side of such wall, to be at least
equal to one-half of the thickness of such wall at its base, unless
an adjoining wall interferes, in which case the projection may
be omitted where that wall adjoins.
He shall also cause the diminution of the footings to be in
regular offsets, or in one offset at the top of the footings, and
he shall cause the height from the bottom of the footings to the
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base of the wall to be at least equal to two-thirds of the thickness
of the wall at its base.
16. Every person who shall erect a new building shall cause
the footings of every wall of such building to rest on the solid
ground, or upon a sufficient thickness of good concrete, or upon
some solid and sufficient sub-structure, as a foundation.
17. Every person who shall erect a new building shall cause
every wall of such building to have a proper damp course of
sheet lead, asphalte, or slates laid in cement, or of other durable
material impervious to moisture, beneath the level of the lowest
timbers, and at a height of not less than six inches above the
surface of the ground adjoining such wall.
18. For the purposes of the byelaws with respect to the
structure of walls of new buildings, the measurement of height
of storeys and of height and length of walls shall be determined
by the following rules:-
(i.) The heights of storeys shall be measured as follows:-
(a.) The height of a topmost storey shall be measured from
the level of the upper surface of the floor up to the level of the
under side of the tie of the roof or other covering, or if there is
no tie then tip to the level of half the vertical height of the
rafters or other support of the roof:
(b.) The height of every storey, other than a topmost storey,
shall be measured from the level of the upper surface of the floor
of the storey up to the level of the upper surface of the floor of
the storey next above it.
(ii.) The height of a wall shall be measured from the top of
the footings to the highest part of the wall, or in the case of a
gable, to half the height of the gable.
(iii.) Walls shall be deemed to be divided into distinct lengths
by return walls. The length of a wall shall be measured from
the centre of one return wall to the centre of another, provided
that the return walls are external walls, party walls, or cross
walls, of the thickness prescribed by the byelaws, and are bonded
into the walls so deemed to be divided.
A wall shall not, for the purpose of this rule, be deemed a cross
wall unless it is carried up to the top of the topmost storey, and
unless in each storey the aggregate extent of the vertical faces
or elevations of all the recesses and that of all the openings
therein, taken together, shall not exceed one-half of the whole
extent of the vertical face or elevation of the wall in such storey.
19. Every person who shall erect a new domestic building
shall construct every external wall and every party wall of such
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building in accordance with the following rules, and in every
case the thickness prescribed shall be the minimum thickness
of which any such wall may be constructed, and the several
rules shall apply only to walls built of good bricks, not less than
nine inches long, or of suitable stone, or other blocks of hard and
incombustible substance, the beds or courses being horizontal.
Height up to 25 feet
(a.) Where the wall does not exceed twenty-five feet
in height its thickness shall be as follows:--
If the wall does not exceed thirty feet in length, and
does not comprise more than two storeys, it shall be
nine inches thick for its whole height:
If the wall exceeds thirty feet in length, or comprises
more than two storeys, it shall be thirteen and a half
inches thick below the topmost storey, and nine inches
thick for the rest of its height.
Height up to 30 feet.
(b.) Where the wall exceeds twenty-five feet but does
not exceed thirty feet in height it shall be thirteen and a
half inches thick below the topmost storey, and nine
inches thick for the rest of its height.
Height up to 40 feet
(c.) Where the wall exceeds thirty feet but does not
exceed forty feet in height its thickness shall be as follows:-
If the wall does not exceed thirty-five feet in length it
shall be thirteen and a half inches thick below the topmost
storey, and nine inches thick for the rest of its height:
If the wall exceeds thirty-five feet in length it shall be
eighteen inches thick for the height of one storey, then
thirteen and a half inches thick for the rest of its height
below the topmost storey, and nine inches thick for the
rest of its height.
Height up to 50 feet
(d.) Where the wall exceeds forty feet but does not exceed
50 feet in height its thickness shall be as follows:-
If the wall does not exceed thirty feet in length it
shall be eighteen inches thick for the height of one storey,
then thirteen and a half incites thick for the rest of its
height below the topmost storey, and nine inches thick for
the rest of its height:
If the wall exceeds thirty feet but does not exceed
forty-five feet in length it shall be eighteen inches thick for
the height of two storeys, then thirteen and a half inches
thick for the rest of its height
If the wall exceeds forty-five feet in length it shall be
twenty-two inches thick for the height of one storey, then
eighteen inches thick for the height of the next storey, and
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then thirteen and a half inches thick for the rest of its
height.
Height up to 60 feet.
(e.) Where the wall exceeds fifty feet but does not
exceed sixty feet in height its thickness shall be as follows:-
If the wall does not exceed forty-five feet in length it
shall be eighteen inches thick for the height of two storeys
and thirteen and a half inches thick for the rest of its
height.
If the wall exceeds forty-five feet in length it shall be
twenty-two inches thick for the height of one storey, then
eighteen inches thick for the height of the next two storeys,
and then thirteen and a half inches thick for the rest of
its height.
Height up to 70 feet.
(f.) Where the wall exceeds sixty feet but does not
exceed seventy feet in height its thickness shall be as
follows:-
If the wall does not exceed forty-five feet in length it
shall be twenty-two inches thick for the height of one
storey, then eighteen inches thick for the height of the
next two storeys, and then thirteen and a half inches
thick for the rest of its height:
If the wall exceeds forty-five feet in length it shall be
increased in thickness in each of the storeys below the
uppermost two storeys by four and a half inches (subject
to the provision hereinafter contained respecting distribution
in piers).
Height up to 80 feet.
(g.) Where the wall exceeds seventy feet but does
not exceed eighty feet in height its thickness shall be as
follows:-
If the wall does not exceed forty-five feet in length it
shall be twenty-two inches thick for the height of one
storey, then eighteen inches thick for the height of the
next three storeys, and thirteen and a half inches thick
for the rest of its height:
If the wall exceeds forty-five feet in length it shall be
increased in thickness in each of the storeys below the
uppermost two storeys by four and a half inches (subject
to the provision hereinafter contained respecting distribution
in piers).
Height up to 90 feet.
(h.) Where the wall exceeds eighty feet but does not
exceed ninety feet in height its thickness shall be as
follows:-
If the wall does not exceed forty-five feet in length it
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shall be twenty-six inches thick for the height of one
storey, then twenty-two inches thick for the height of the
next storey, then eighteen inches thick for the height of
the next three storeys, and then thirteen and a half
inches thick for the rest of its height:
If the wall exceeds forty-five feet in length it shall be
increased in thickness in each of the storeys below the
uppermost two storeys by four and a half inches (subject
to the provision hereinafter contained respecting distribution
in piers).
Height up to 100 feet
(i) Where the wall exceeds ninety feet but does not
exceed one hundred feet in height its thickness shall be
as follows:-
If the wall does not exceed forty-five feet in length it
shall be twenty-six inches thick for the height of one
storey, then twenty-two inches thick for the height of the
next two storeys, then eighteen inches thick for the height
of the next three storeys, and then thirteen and a half
inches thick for the rest of its height:
If the wall exceeds forty-five feet in length it shall be
increased in thickness in each of the storeys below the
uppermost two storeys, by four and a half inches (subject
to the provision hereinafter contained respecting distribution
in piers).
(j.) If any storey exceeds in height sixteen times the
thickness prescribed for its walls, the thickness of each
external wall and of each party wall throughout that
storey shall be increased to one-sixteenth part of the
height of the storey, and the thickness of each external
wall and of each party wall below that storey shall be proportionately
increased (subject to the provision hereinafter
contained respecting distribution in piers).
(k.) Every external wall and every party wall of any
storey which exceeds ten feet in height shall be not less
than thirteen and a half inches in thickness.
(l.) Where by any of the foregoing rules relating to
the thickness of external walls and party walls of domestic
buildings an increase of thickness is required in the case
of a wall exceeding sixty feet in height and forty-five
feet in length, or in the case of a storey exceeding in
height sixteen times the thickness prescribed for its walls,
or in the case of a wall below that storey, the increased
thickness may be confined to piers properly distributed,
of which the collective widths amount to one-fourth part
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of the length of the wall. The width of the piers may
nevertheless be reduced if the projection is proportionately
increased, the horizontal sectional area not
being diminished; but the projection of any such pier
shall in no case exceed one-third of its width.
20. Every person who shall erect a new public building or a
new building of the warehouse class shall construct every external
wall and every party wall of such building in accordance with the
following rules; and in every case the thickness prescribed shall
be the minimum thickness of which any such wall may be constructed,
and the several rules shall apply only to walls built of
good bricks, not less than nine inches long, or of suitable stone
or other blocks-of hard and incombustible substance, the beds
or courses being horizontal.
Height up to 25 feet.
(a.) Where the wall does not exceed twenty-five feet
in height (whatever is its length) it shall be thirteen and
a half inches thick at its base.
Height up to 30 feet.
(b.)Where the wall exceeds twenty-five feet but does
not exceed thirty feet in height it shall be at its base of
the thickness following:-
If the wall does not exceed forty-five feet in length it
shall be thirteen and a half inches thick at its base:
If the wall exceeds forty-five feet in length it shall be
eighteen inches thick at its base.
Height up to 40 feet
(c) Where the wall exceeds thirty feet but does not
exceed forty feet in height it shall be at its base of the
thickness following:-
If the wall does not exceed thirty-five feet in length
it shall be thirteen and a half inches thick at its base:
If the wall exceeds thirty-five feet but does not exceed
forty-five feet in length it shall be eighteen inches thick
at its base:
If the wall exceeds forty-five feet in length it shall be
twenty-two inches thick at its base.
Height up to 50 feet.
(d) Where the wall exceeds forty feet but does not
exceed fifty feet in height it shall be at its base of the
thickness following:-
If the wall does not exceed thirty feet in length it shall
be eighteen inches thick at its base:
If the wall exceeds thirty feet but does not exceed
forty-five feet in length it shall be twenty-two inches thick
at its base:
If the wall exceeds forty-five feet in length it shall be
twenty-six inches thick at its base.
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Height up to 60 feet.
(e Where the wall exceeds fifty feet but does not
exceed sixty in height it shall be at its base of the
thickness following:-
If the wall does not exceed forty-five feet in length it
shall be twenty-two inches thick at its base:
If the wall exceeds forty-five feet in length it shall be
twenty-six inches thick at its base.
Height up to 70 feet.
(f) Where the wall exceeds sixty feet but does not
exceed seventy feet in height it shall be at its base of the
thickness following:-
If the wall, does not exceed forty-five feet in length it
shall be twenty two inches thick at its base:
If the wall exceeds forty-five feet in length it shall be
increased in thickness from the base up to within sixteen
feet from the top of the wall by four and a half inches
(subject to the provisions hereinafter contained respecting
distribution in piers).
Height up to 80 feet
(g) Where the wall exceeds seventy feet but does not
exceed eighty feet in height it shall be at its base of the
thickness following:-
If the wall does not exceed forty-five feet in length it
shall be twenty-two inches thick at its base:
If the wall exceeds forty-five feet in length it shall be
increased in thickness from the base up to within sixteen
feet from the top of the wall by four and a half inches
(subject to the provision hereinafter contained respecting
distribution in piers).
Height up to 90 feet
(h) Where the wall exceeds eighty feet but does not
exceed ninety feet in height it shall be at its base of the
thickness following:-
If the wall does not exceed forty-five feet in length it
shall be twenty-six inches thick at its base:
If the wall exceeds forty-five feet in length it shall be
increased in thickness from the base up to within sixteen
feet from the top of the wall by four and a half inches
(subject to the provision hereinafter contained respecting
distribution in piers).
Height up to 100 feet.
(i) Where the wall exceeds ninety feet but does not
exceed one hundred feet in height it shall be at its base
of the thickness following:-
If the wall does not exceed forty five feet in length it
shall be twenty-six inches thick at its base:
If the wall exceeds forty-five feet in length it shall be
increased in thickness from the base up to within sixteen.
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feet from the top of the wall by four and a half inches
(subject to the provision hereinafter contained respecting
distribution in piers).
(j.) The thickness of the wall at the top, and for
sixteen feet below the top, shall be thirteen and a half
inches, and the intermediate parts of the wall between the
base and sixteen feet below the top shall be built solid
throughout the space between straight lines drawn on
each side of the wall and joining the thickness at the
base to the thickness at sixteen feet below the top.
Nevertheless, in walls not exceeding thirty feet in height
the walls of the topmost storey may be nine inches thick,
provided the height of that storey does not exceed ten feet.
(k.) If any storey exceeds in height fourteen times the
thickness prescribed for its walls, the thickness of each
external wall and of each party wall throughout that
storey shall be increased to one-fourteenth part of the
height of the storey, and the thickness of each external
wall and of each party wall below that storey shall be
proportionately increased (subject to the provision hereinafter
contained respecting distribution in piers).
(l.) Every external wall and every party wall of any
storey which exceeds ten feet in height shall be not less
than thirteen and a half inches in thickness.
(m.) Where by any of the foregoing rules relating to
the thickness of external walls and party walls of public
buildings or buildings of the warehouse class an increase
of thickness is required in the case of a wall exceeding
sixty feet in height and forty-five feet in length, or in the
case of a storey exceeding in height fourteen times the
thickness prescribed for its walls, or in the case of a wall
below that storey, the increased thickness may be confined
to piers properly distributed, of which the collective
widths amount to one-fourth part of the length of the
wall. The width of the piers may nevertheless be reduced
if the projection is proportionately increased, the
horizontal sectional area not being diminished; but the
projection of any such pier shall in no case exceed one-
third of its width.
21. Every person who shall erect a new building shall construct,
in accordance with the following rules, every cross wall
which, in pursuance of the byelaw in that behalf, may, as a
return wall, be deemed a means of determining the length of
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any external wall or party wall of such building; and in every
case the thickness prescribed shall be the minimum thickness
of which any such wall may be constructed; and the several
rules shall apply only to walls built of good bricks, not less than
nine inches long, or of suitable stone or other blocks of hard
and incombustible substance, the beds or courses being horizontal:-
The thickness of every such cross wall shall be at least two-
thirds of the thickness prescribed by the byelaw in that behalf
for an external wall or party wall of the same height and length
and belonging to the same class of building as that to which
such cross wall belongs, but shall in no case be less than nine
inches:
But if such cross wall supports a superincumbent external wall,
the whole of such cross wall shall be of the thickness prescribed
by the byelaw in that behalf for an external wall or a party wall
of the same height and length and belonging to the same class
of building as that to which such cross wall belongs.
22. Every person who shall erect a new building and shall
construct any external wall, party wall, or cross wall of such
building of any material other than good bricks, not less than
nine inches long, or suitable stone or other blocks of hard and
incombustible substance, the beds or courses being horizontal,
shall comply with the following rules with respect to the thickness
of such wall:-
(a.) Where a wall is built of stone or of clunches of bricks,
or other burnt or vitrified material, the beds or courses not
being horizontal, its thickness shall be one-third greater than
that prescribed by the byelaw in that behalf for a wall built of
bricks, but in other respects of the same description, height, and
length, and belonging to the same class of building:
(b.) A wall built of other suitable material shall be deemed
to be of sufficient thickness if constructed of the thickness prescribed
by the byelaw in that behalf for a wall built of bricks,
but in other respects of the same description, height, and length,
and belonging to the same class of building.
23. Every person who shall erect a new building and shall
leave in any storey or storeys of such building an extent of
opening in any external wall which shall be greater than one-
half of the whole extent of the vertical face or elevation of the
wall or walls of the storey or storeys in which the opening is
left shall construct-
(a.) Sufficient piers of brickwork or other sufficient supports
Page 17
of incombustible material so disposed as to carry the superstructure;
and
(b.) A sufficient pier or piers or other sufficient supports of
that description at the corner or angle of any street on which
the building abuts; or
(c.) Such a pier or other support in each wall within three
feet of the corner or angle of the street.
24. Every person who shall erect a new building of the warehouse
class shall cause every loophole frame of wood, that is to
say, every framework of wood surrounding any door or window
opening in any storey of such building for the reception or
delivery of goods, to be fixed at a distance of not less than one
inch and a half from the face of any external wall.
Subject to the foregoing provision, every person who shall
erect a new building shall cause all woodwork in any external
wall of such building (except any bressummer, or any storey
post under a bressummer, and any frame of a door or window
of a shop) to be set back in reveals four inches at least from the
outer face of such wall.
25. Every person who shall erect a new building shall cause
such part of any external wall of such building as is within a
distance of fifteen feet from any other building to be carried up
so as to form a parapet one foot at least above the highest part
of any roof or gutter which adjoins such part of such external
wall, and he shall cause the thickness of the parapet so carried
up to be at least nine inches throughout.
26. Every person who shall erect a new building shall cause
every party wall of such building to be carried up nine inches,
at the least, in thickness:
(i.) Above the roof, flat, or gutter of the highest building
adjoining thereto to such height as will give, in the case of a
building of the warehouse class or of a public building, a distance
of at least three feet, and in the case of any other building
a distance of at least fifteen inches, measured at right angles to
the slope of the roof, or above the highest part of any flat or
gutter, as the case may be:
(ii.) Above any turret, dormer, lantern-light, or other erection
of combustible materials fixed on the roof or flat of any building
within four feet from the party wall, and so as to extend at least
twelve inches higher and wider on each side than such erection :
(iii.) To a height of twelve inches at the least above such part
of any roof as is opposite to and within four feet from the party
wall.
Page 18
In every case where the eaves of the roof project beyond the
face of the building, he shall cause every party wall of such
building to be properly corbelled out, in brickwork or stonework,
to the full extent of such projection, and to be carried up
above the projecting eaves nine inches at the least in thickness
to such height as will give, in the case of a building of the warehouse
class or of a public building, a distance of at least three
feet, and in the case of any other building a distance of at least
fifteen inches measured at right angles to the slope of the roof.
27. Every person who shall erect a new building shall cause
every wall of such building, when carried up above any roof,
flat, or gutter, so as to form a parapet, to be properly coped or
otherwise protected, in order to prevent water from running
down the sides of such parapet, or soaking into any wall.
28. A person who shall erect a new building shall not construct
any party wall of such building so that any opening shall
be made or left in such wall.
29. A person who shall erect a new building shall not make
any recess in any external wall or party wall of such building:
(a.) Unless the back of such recess be at the least nine inches
thick:
(b.) Unless a sufficient arch be turned in every storey over
every such recess:
(c.) Unless in each storey the aggregate extent of recesses
having backs of less thickness than the thickness prescribed by
any byelaw in that behalf for the wall in which such recesses
are made do not exceed one-half of the extent of the vertical
superficies of such wall:
(d.) Unless the side of any such recess nearest to the inner
face of any return external wall is distant at the least thirteen
and a half inches therefrom.
30. A person who shall erect a new building shall not make
in any wall of such building any chase which shall be wider
than fourteen inches or more than four and a half inches deep
from the face of such wall, or shall leave less than nine inches
in thickness at the back or opposite side thereof, or which shall
be within thirteen and a half inches from any other chase, or
within seven feet from any other chase on the same side of such
wall, or within thirteen and a half inches from any return wall.
31. A person who shall erect a new building shall not place
in any party wall of such building any bond timber, or any
plate, block, brick, or plug of wood.
Page 19
32. A person who shall erect a new-building shall not place
the end of any bressummer, beam, or joist in any party wall of
such building, unless the end of such bressummer, beam, or
joist be at least four and a half inches distant from the centre
line of such party wall.
33. Every person who shall erect a new building shall cause
every girder to be borne by a sufficient template of stone, iron,
terra-cotta, or vitrified stoneware of the full breadth of the
girder.
34. Every person who shall erect a new building shall cause
every bressummer to have a bearing in the direction of its length
of four inches at least at each end, on a sufficient pier of brick
or stone, or on a storey post of timber or iron fixed on a solid
foundation, in addition to its bearing on any party wall; and
He shall also, if necessary, cause such bressummer to have
such other storey posts, iron columns, stanchions, or piers of
brick or stone on a solid foundation under the same as may be
sufficient to carry the superstructure.
35. Every person who shall erect a new building shall cause
the open space inside any partition wall of such building, or
between the joists in any wall of such building, to be stopped
with brickwork, concrete, pugging, or other incombustible material,
at every floor and ceiling.
36. Every person who shall erect a new building shall, except
in such case as is hereinafter provided, cause every chimney of
such building to be built on solid foundations, and with footings
similar to the footings of the wall against which such chimney is
built, and to be properly bonded into such wall:
Provided, nevertheless, that such person may cause any chimney
of such building to be built on sufficient corbels of brick,
stone, or other hard and incombustible materials, if the work so
corbelled out does not project from the wall more than the thickness
of the wall measured immediately below the corbel.
37. Every person who shall erect a new building shall cause
the inside of every flue of such building to be properly rendered
or pargeted as such flue is carried up, unless the whole flue shall
be lined with fireproof piping of stoneware at least one inch thick,
and unless the spandril angles shall be filled in solid with brickwork
or other incombustible material.
Such person shall also cause the back or outside of such flue,
which shall not be constructed so as to form part of the outer
face of an external wall, to be properly rendered in every case
B 3
Page 20
where the brickwork of which such back or outside may be constructed
is less than nine inches thick.
38. Every person who shall erect a new building shall cause
every flue in such building which may be intended for use in
connection with any furnace, cockle, steam boiler, or close fire,
constructed for any purpose of trade, business, or manufacture,
or which may be intended for use in connection with any cooking
range or cooking apparatus of such building when occupied
as a hotel, tavern, or eating-house, to be surrounded with brickwork
at least nine inches thick for a distance of ten feet at the
least in height from the floor on which such furnace, cockle,
Steam boiler, close fire, cooking range, or cooking apparatus
may be constructed or placed.
39. Every person who shall erect a new building shall cause
a sufficient arch of brick or stone, or a sufficient bar of wrought
iron, to be built over the opening of every chimney of such
building to support the breast of such chimney; and if the
breast projects more than four and a half inches from the face
of the wall, and the jamb on either side is of less width than
thirteen and a half inches, he shall cause the abutments to be
tied in by a bar or bars of wrought iron of sufficient strength,
eighteen inches longer than the opening, turned up and down at
the ends, and built into the jambs on each side.
40. Every person who shall erect a new building shall cause
the jambs of every chimney of such building to be at least nine
inches wide on each side of the opening of such chimney.
41. Every person who shall erect a new building shall cause
the breast of every chimney of such building, and the brickwork
or stonework surrounding every smoke flue and every
copper flue of such building, to be at least four and a half inches
in thickness.
42. Every person who shall erect a new building shall cause
the back of any chimney opening in a party wall of any room
which may be constructed for occupation as a kitchen to be at
least nine inches thick to the height of at least six feet above
such chimney opening, and he shall cause such thickness to be
continued at the back of the flue.
Such person shall cause the back of every other chimney
opening in such building, from the hearth up to the height of
twelve inches above such opening, to be at least four and a half
inches thick if such opening be in an external wall, and nine
inches thick if such opening be elsewhere than in an external wall
Page 21
43. Every person who shall erect a new building shall cause
the upper side of every flue of such building, when the course
of such flue makes with the horizon an angle of less than forty
five degrees, to be at least nine inches in thickness.
44. Every person who shall erect a new building shall construct
every arch, upon which any flue may be carried, so that
such arch shall be effectually supported by means of a bar or
bars of wrought iron of adequate strength.
He shall cause every such bar to the extent of four and a half
inches to be securely built or pinned into the wall at each end
thereof.
He shall provide, for every nine inches of the width of the
soffit of such arch, one, at the least, of such bars as a means of
support for such arch.
45. Every person who shall erect a new building shall cause
every chimney shaft or smoke flue of such building to be carried
up in brickwork or stonework all round, at least four and a half
inches thick, to a height of not less than three feet above the
roof, flat, or gutter adjoining thereto, measured at the highest
point in the line of junction with such roof, flat, or gutter.
46. A person who shall erect a new building shall not cause
the brickwork or stonework of any chimney shaft of such building,
other than a chimney shaft of the furnace of any steam
engine, brewery, distillery, or manufactory, to be built higher
above the roof, flat, or gutter adjoining such chimney shaft,
measured from the highest point in the line of junction with
such roof, flat, or gutter, than a height equal to six times the
least width of such chimney shaft at the level of such highest
point, unless such chimney shaft shall be built with and bonded
to another chimney shaft not in the same line with such first-
mentioned chimney shaft, or shall be otherwise made secure.
47. A person who shall erect a new building shall not place
any iron holdfast or other metal fastening nearer than two inches
to the inside of any flue or chimney opening in such building.
48. A person who shall erect a new building shall not place
any timber or woodwork:-
(a.) In any wall or chimney breast of such building nearer
than nine inches to the inside of any flue or chimney opening:
(b.) Under any chimney opening of such building within
fifteen inches from the upper surface of the hearth thereof:
A person who shall erect a new building shall not drive any
wooden plug into any wall or chimney breast of such building
Page 22
nearer than six inches to the inside of any flue or chimney
opening.
49. Every person who shall erect a new building shall cause
the face of the brickwork or stonework about any flue or
chimney opening of such building, where such face is at a distance
of less than two inches from any timber or woodwork,
and where the substance of such brickwork or stonework is
less than nine inches thick, to be properly rendered.
50. A person who shall erect a new building shall not construct
any chimney or flue of such building so as to make or
leave in such chimney or flue any opening for the insertion of
any ventilating valve, or for any other purpose, unless such
opening be at least nine inches distant from any timber or other
combustible substance.
51. A person who shall erect a new building shall not fix in
such building any pipe for the purpose of conveying smoke or
other products of combustion, unless such pipe be so fixed at
the distance of nine inches at the least from any combustible
substance.
52. Every person who shall erect a new building shall cause
the flat and roof of such building, and every turret, dormer,
lantern-light, skylight, or other erection placed on the flat or
roof of such building to be externally covered with slates, tiles,
metal, or other incombustible materials, except as regards any
door, door frame, window or window frame of any such turret,
dormer, lantern-light, skylight, or other erection.
He shall also cause every gutter, shoot, or trough in connection
with the roof of such building to be constructed of incombustible
materials.
With respect to the sufficiency of the Space
about Buildings to secure a free Circulation
of Air, and with respect to the Ventilation of Buildings.
53. Every person who shall erect a new domestic building
shall provide in front of such building an open space, which
shall be free from any erection thereon above the level of the
ground, except any portico, porch, step, or other like projection
from such building, or any gate, fence, or wall, not exceeding
seven feet in height, and which, measured to the boundary or
any lands or premises immediately opposite, or to the opposite
side of any street which such building may front, shall, throughout
the whole line of frontage of such building, extend to a
distance of twenty-four feet at the least; such distance being
Page 23
measured in every case at right angles to the external face of
any wall of such building which shall front or abut on such
open space.
A person who shall make any alteration in or addition to such
building shall not, by such alteration or addition, diminish the
extent of open space provided in pursuance of this byelaw in
connection with such building.
54. Every person who shall erect a new domestic building
shall provide in the rear of such building an open space exclusively
belonging to such building, and of an aggregate
extent of no less than one hundred and fifty square feet, and
free from any erection thereon above the level of the ground,
except a watercloset, earthcloset, or privy, and an ashpit.
He shall cause such open space to extend laterally, throughout
the entire width of such building, and he shall cause the
distance across such open space from every part of such building
to the boundary of any lands or premises immediately opposite
or adjoining the site of such building, to be not less in any
case than ten feet.
If the height of such building be fifteen feet he shall cause
such distance to be fifteen feet at the least.
If the height of such building be twenty-five feet he shall cause
such distance to be twenty feet at the least. If the height of
such building be thirty-five feet, or exceed thirty-five feet, he
shall cause such distance to be twenty-five feet at the least.
A person who shall make any alteration in or addition to
such building shall not, by such alteration or addition, diminish
the aggregate extent of open space provided in pursuance of this
byelaw in connection with such building, or in any other respect
fail to comply with any provision of this byelaw.
For the purposes of this byelaw the height of such building
shall be measured upwards from the level of the ground over
which such open space shall extend to the level of half the
vertical height of the roof or to the top of the parapet, whichever
may be the higher.
55. Every person who shall erect a new domestic building
shall construct in the wall of each storey of such building which
shall immediately front or abut on such open spaces as, in pursuance
of the byelaws in that behalf, shall be provided in connection
with such building, a sufficient number of suitable windows,
in such a manner and in such a position that each of
such windows shall afford effectual means of ventilation by
direct communication with the external air.
Page 24
56. Every person who shall erect a new domestic building
shall so construct every room which shall be situated in the
lowest storey of such building, and shall be provided with a
boarded floor, that there shall be, for the purpose of ventilation,
between the under side of every joist on which such floor
may be laid, and the upper surface of the asphalte or concrete
with which, in pursuance of the byelaw in that behalf, the
ground surface or site of such building may be covered, a clear
space of three inches at the least in every part, and he shall
cause such space to be thoroughly ventilated by means of suit-
able and sufficient air-bricks, or by some other effectual method
57. Every person who shall erect a new building shall construct
in every habitable room of such building one window, at
the least, opening directly into the external air, and he shall
cause the total area of such window, or, if there be more than
one, of the several windows, clear of the sash frames, to be
equal at the least to one-tenth of the floor area of such room.
Such person shall also construct every such window so that
one-half, at the least, may be opened, and so that the opening
may extend in every case to the top of the window.
58. Every person who shall erect a new domestic building
shall cause every habitable room of such building which is without
a fireplace, and a flue properly constructed and properly
connected with such fireplace, to be provided with special and
adequate means of ventilation by a sufficient aperture or air
shaft which shall provide an unobstructed sectional area of one
hundred square inches at the least.
59. Every person who shall erect a new public building shall
cause such building to be provided with adequate means of
ventilation.
With respect to the Drainage of Buildings.
60. Every person who shall erect a new building shall cause
the subsoil of the site of such building to be effectually drained
by means of suitable earthenware field pipes, properly laid to
a suitable outfall, whenever the dampness of the site renders
such a precaution necessary.
He shall not lay any such pipe in such a manner or such a
position as to communicate directly with any sewer or cesspool,
or with any drain constructed or adapted to be used for conveying
sewage, but shall provide a suitable trap, with a ventilating
opening, at a point in the line of the subsoil drain as near as
may be practicable to such trap,
Page 25
61. Every person who shall erect a new building shall construct
the lowest storey of such building at such level as will
allow of the construction of a drain sufficient for the effectual
drainage of such building, and of the provision of the requisite
communication with any sewer into which such drain may lawfully
empty, at a point in the upper half diameter of such sewer,
or with any other means of drainage with which such drain may
lawfully communicate.
62. Every person who shall erect a new building shall, in the
construction of every drain of such building, other than a drain
constructed in pursuance of the byelaw in that behalf for the
drainage of the subsoil of the site of such building, use good
sound pipes formed of glazed stoneware, or of other equally
suitable material.
He shall cause every such drain to be of adequate size, and,
if constructed or adapted to be used for conveying sewage, to
have an internal diameter not less than four inches, and to be
laid in a bed of good concrete, with a proper fall, and with
water-tight, socketed, or other suitable joints.
He shall not construct any such drain so as to pass under any
building, except in any case where any other mode of construc-
tion may be impracticable, and in that case he shall cause such
drain to be so laid in the ground that there shall be a distance
equal at the least to the full diameter thereof between the top
of such drain at its highest point and the surface of the ground
under such building.
He shall also cause such drain to be laid in a direct line for
the whole distance beneath such building, and to be completely
embedded in and covered with good and solid concrete, at
least six inches thick, all round.
He shall likewise cause adequate means of ventilation to be
provided in connection with such drain at each end of such
portion thereof as is beneath such building.
He shall cause every inlet to any drain, not being an inlet
provided in pursuance of the byelaw in that behalf as an
opening for the ventilation of such drain, to be properly
rapped.
63. Every person who shall erect a new building shall
provide, within the curtilage thereof, in every main drain or
other drain of such building which may directly communicate
with any sewer or other means of drainage into which such
drain may lawfully empty, a suitable trap at a point as distant
as may be practicable from such building, and as near as may
Page 26
be practicable to the point at which such drain may be connected
with such sewer or other means of drainage.
64. A person who shall erect a new building shall not construct
the several drains of such building in such a manner as
to form in such drains any right-angled junction, either vertical
or horizontal. He shall cause every branch drain or tributary
drain to join another drain obliquely in the direction of the
flow of such drain.
65. Every person who shall erect a new building shall, for
the purpose of securing efficient ventilation of the drains of
such building, comply with the following requirements:-
(i.) He shall provide at least two untrapped openings to the
drains, and, in the provision of such openings, he shall adopt
such of the two arrangements hereinafter specified as the circumstances
of the case may render the more suitable and effectual.
(a.) One opening, being at or near the level of the surface of
the ground adjoining such opening, shall communicate with
the drains by means of a suitable pipe, shaft, or disconnecting
chamber, and shall be situated as near as may be practicable to
the trap which, in pursuance of the byelaw in that behalf, shall
be provided between the main drain or other drain of the
building, and the sewer or other means of drainage with which
such drain may lawfully communicate. Such opening shall also
in every case be situated on that side of the trap which is the
nearer to the building.
The second opening shall be obtained by carrying up from a
point in the drains, as far distant as may be practicable from the
point at which the first-mentioned opening shall be situated, a
pipe or shaft, vertically, to such a height and in such a manner
as effectually to prevent any escape of foul air from such pipe
or shaft into any building in the vicinity thereof, and in no case
to a less height than ten feet.
(b.) In every case where the foregoing arrangement of the
openings to the drains may be impracticable, there shall be
substituted the arrangement hereinafter prescribed.
One opening shall be obtained by carrying up from a point,
as near as may be practicable to the trap, which, in pursuance
of the byelaw in that behalf, shall be provided between the
main drain or other drain of the building and the sewer or
other means of drainage with which such drain may lawfully
communicate, a pipe, or shaft, vertically, to such a height and
in such a manner as effectually to prevent any escape of foul
Page 27
air from such pipe or shaft into any building in the vicinity
thereof, and in no case to a less height than ten feet. Such
opening shall also in every case be situated on that side of the
trap which is the nearer to the building.
The second opening, being at a point in the drains as far
distant as may be practicable from the point at which such last-
mentioned pipe or shaft shall be carried up, shall be at or near
the level of the surface of the ground adjoining such opening,
and shall communicate with the drains by means of a suitable
pipe or shaft.
(ii.) He shall cause every opening provided in accordance
with either of the arrangements hereinbefore specified to be
furnished with a suitable grating or other suitable cover for the
purpose of preventing any obstruction in or injury to any pipe
or drain by the introduction of any substance through any such
opening. He shall, in every case, cause such grating or cover
to be so constructed and fitted as to secure the free passage of
air through such grating or cover by means of a sufficient number
of apertures, of which the aggregate extent shall be not less
than the sectional area of the pipe or drain to which such grating
or cover may be fitted.
(iii.) Every pipe or shaft which may be used in connection
with either of the arrangements hereinbefore specified shall be
of a sectional area not less than that of the drain with which
such pipe or shaft may communicate, and not less in any case than
the sectional area of a pipe or shaft of the diameter of four inches.
(iv.) No bend or angle shall (except where unavoidable) be
formed in any pipe or shaft used in connection with either of
the arrangements hereinbefore specified.
(v.) Provided always, that for the purpose of either of the
arrangements hereinbefore specified the soil pipe of any water-
closet, in every case where the situation, sectional area, height,
and mode of construction of such soil pipe shall be in accordance
with the requirements applicable to the pipe or shaft to be
carried up from the drains, may be deemed to provide the necessary
opening for ventilation which would otherwise be obtained
by means of such last-mentioned pipe or shaft.
66. A person who shall erect a new building shall not construct
any drain of such building in such a manner as to allow
any inlet to such drain (except such inlet as may be necessary
from the apparatus of any water-closet) to be made within such
building.
He shall cause the soil pipe from every water-closet in such
Page 28
building to be at least four inches in diameter, and to be fixed
outside such building, and to be continued upwards without
diminution of its diameter, and (except where unavoidable) without
any bend or angle being formed in such soil pipe to such a
height and in such a position as to afford, by means of the open
end of such soil pipe, a safe outlet for sewer air.
He shall so construct such soil pipe that there shall not be
any trap between such soil pipe and the drains, or any trap
(other than such as may necessarily form part of the apparatus
of any water-closet) in any part of such soil pipe.
He shall also cause the waste pipe from every bath, sink (not
being a slop sink constructed or adapted to be used for receiving
any solid or liquid filth), or lavatory, the overflow pipe from
any cistern and from every safe under any bath or water-closet,
and every pipe in such building for carrying off waste water to
be taken through an external wall of such building, and to discharge
in the open air over a channel leading to a trapped gully
grating at least eighteen inches distant.
He shall, as regards the mode of construction of the waste
pipe from any slop sink constructed or adapted to be used for
receiving within such building any solid or liquid filth, comply
in all respects with such of the provisions of this byelaw as are
applicable to the soil pipe from a water-closet.
With respect to Water-closets, Earth-closets, Privies,
Ashpits, and Cesspools in connection with Buildings.
67. Every person who shall construct a water-closet or earth-
closet in a building shall construct such water-closet or earth-
closet in such a position that one of its sides at the least shall
be an external wall.
68. Every person who shall construct a water-closet or earth-
closet in connection with a building, whether the situation of
such water-closet or earth-closet be or be not within such building,
shall construct in one of the walls of such water-closet or
earth-closet a window of not less dimensions than two feet by one
foot, exclusive of the frame, and opening directly into the external
air.
He shall, in addition to such window, cause such water-closet
or earth-closet to be provided with adequate means of constant
ventilation by at least one air-brick built in an external wall of
such water-closet or earth-closet, or by an air shaft, or by some
other effectual method or appliance.
69. Every person who shall construct a water-closet in connection
Page 29
with a building shall furnish such water-closet with a
separate cistern, service box, or flushing box, of adequate capa-
city, which shall be so constructed, fitted and placed as to
admit of the supply of water for use in such water-closet with
out any direct connection between any service pipe upon the
premises and any part of the apparatus of such water-closet,
other than such cistern, service box, or flushing box.
He shall furnish such water-closet with a suitable apparatus
for the effectual application of water to any pan, basin, or other
receptacle with which such apparatus may be connected and
used, and for the effectual flushing and cleansing of such pan,
basin, or other receptacle, and for the prompt and effectual
removal therefrom of any solid or liquid filth which may from
time to time be deposited therein.
He shall furnish such water-closet with a pan, basin, or other
suitable receptacle of non-absorbent material, and of such shape,
of such capacity, and of such mode of construction as to receive
and contain a sufficient quantity of water, and to allow all
filth which may from time to time be deposited in such pan,
basin, or receptacle to fall free of the sides thereof, and directly
into the water received and contained in such pan, basin, or
receptacle.
He shall not construct or fix under such pan, basin, or receptacle,
any "container" or other similar fitting.
He shall not construct or fix in or in connection with the
water-closet apparatus any trap of the kind known as a "D"
trap.
70. Every person who shall construct an earth-closet in connection
with a building shall furnish such earth-closet with a
reservoir or receptacle, of suitable construction and of adequate
capacity, for dry earth or other deodorizing substance, and he
shall construct and fix such reservoir or receptacle in such a
manner and in such a position as to admit of ready access to
such reservoir or receptacle for the purpose of depositing therein
the necessary supply of dry earth or other deodorizing substance.
He shall construct or fix in connection with such reservoir
or receptacle suitable means or apparatus for the frequent and
effectual application of a sufficient quantity of dry earth or other
deodorizing substance to any filth which may from time to time
be deposited in any pan, pit, or other receptacle for filth constructed,
fitted, or used in or in connection with such earth-closet.
71. Every person who shall construct an earth-closet in con-
Page 30
nection with a building, and shall provide in or in connection
with such earth-closet a fixed receptacle for filth, shall construct
or fix such receptacle in such a manner and in such a position
as to admit of the frequent and effectual application of a sufficient
quantity of dry earth or other deodorizing substance to
any filth which may from time to time be deposited in such receptacle,
and in such a manner and in such a position as to
admit of ready access to such receptacle for the purpose of re-
moving the contents thereof.
He shall not construct such receptacle of a capacity greater
than may be sufficient to contain such filth and dry earth or
other deodorizing substance as may be deposited therein during
a period not exceeding three months, or in any case of a capacity
exceeding forty cubic feet.
He shall construct such receptacle of such material or ma-
terials, and in such a manner, as to prevent any absorption by
any part of such receptacle of any filth deposited therein, or
any escape, by leakage or otherwise, of any part of the contents
of such receptacle.
He shall construct or fix such receptacle so that the bottom
or floor thereof shall be at least six inches above the level of the
surface of the ground immediately adjoining the earth-closet,
and so that the contents of such receptacle may not at any time
be exposed to any rainfall or to the drainage of any waste water
or liquid refuse from any adjoining premises.
72. Every person who shall construct an earth-closet in connection
with a building, and shall provide in or in connection
with such earth-closet a movable receptacle for filth, shall construct
such earth-closet so that the position and mode of fitting
of such receptacle may admit of the frequent and effectual
application of a sufficient quantity of dry earth or other deodorizing
substance to any filth which may from time to time be
deposited in such receptacle, and may also admit of ready
access to that part of the earth-closet in which such receptacle
may be placed or fitted, and of the convenient removal of such
receptacle or of the contents thereof.
He shall also construct such earth-closet so that the contents
of such receptacle may not at any time be exposed to any rainfall
or to the drainage of any waste water or liquid refuse from
any adjoining premises.
73. Every person who shall construct a privy in connection
with a building shall construct such privy at a distance of six feet
at the least from a dwelling-house or public building, or any
Page 31
building in which any person may be or may be intended to be
employed in any manufacture, trade, or business.
74. A person who shall construct a privy in connection with
a building shall not construct such privy within the distance of
thirty feet from any water supplied for use, or used or likely to
be used by man for drinking or domestic purposes, or for manufacturing
drinks for the use of man, or otherwise in such a position
as to endanger the pollution of any such water.
75. Every person who shall construct a privy in connection
with a building shall construct such privy in such a manner and
in such a position as to afford ready means of access to such
privy, for the purpose of cleansing such privy and of removing
filth therefrom, and in such a manner and in such a position
as to admit of all filth being removed from such privy, and
from the premises to which such privy may belong, without
being carried through any dwelling-house or public building, or
any building in which any person may be, or may be intended
to be employed in any manufacture, trade, or business.
76. Every person who shall construct a privy in connection
with a building shall provide such privy with a sufficient opening
for ventilation as near to the top as practicable, and communicating
directly with the external air.
He shall cause the floor of such privy to be flagged or paved
with hard tiles or other non-absorbent material, and he shall
construct such floor so that it shall be in every part thereof at
a height of not less than six inches above the level of the surface
of the ground adjoining such privy, and so that such floor shall
have a fall or inclination towards the door of such privy of half
an inch to the foot.
77. Every person who shall construct a privy in connection
with a building, and shall construct such privy for use in combination
with a movable receptacle for filth, shall construct over
the whole area of the space immediately beneath the seat of
such privy a flagged or asphalted floor, at a height of not less
than three inches above the level of the surface of the ground
adjoining such privy; and he shall cause the whole extent of
each side of such space between the floor and the seat to be
constructed of flagging, slate, or good brickwork at least nine
inches thick, and rendered in good cement, or asphalted.
He shall construct the seat of such privy, the aperture in
such seat, and the space beneath such seat, of such dimensions
as to admit of a movable receptacle for filth of a capacity not
exceeding two cubic feet being placed and fitted beneath such
Page 32
Seat in such a manner and in such a position as may effectually
prevent the deposit, upon the floor or sides of the space beneath
such seat, or elsewhere than in such receptacle, of any filth
which may from time to time fall or be cast through the aper
ture in such seat.
He shall construct the seat of such privy so that the whole of
such seat, or a sufficient part thereof, may be readily removed
or adjusted in such a manner as to afford adequate access to
the space beneath such seat for the purpose of cleansing such
space, or of removing therefrom or placing and fitting therein
the appropriate receptacle for filth.
78. Every person who shall construct a privy in connection
with a building, and shall construct such privy for use in combination
with a fixed receptacle for filth, shall construct or fix
in or in connection with such privy suitable means or apparatus
for the frequent and effectual application of ashes, dust, or dry
refuse to any filth which may from time to time be deposited in
such receptacle.
He shall construct such receptacle so that the contents
thereof may not at any time be exposed to any rainfall or the
drainage of any waste water or liquid refuse from any adjoining
premises.
He shall construct such receptacle of such material or materials
and in such manner as to prevent any absorption by any
part of such receptacle of any filth deposited therein, or any
escape, by leakage or otherwise, of any part of the contents of
such receptacle.
He shall construct such privy so that the bottom or floor
thereof shall be in every part at least three inches above the level
of the surface of the ground adjoining such privy.
He shall not in any case construct such receptacle of a capacity
exceeding eight cubic feet.
He shall construct the seat of such privy so that the whole of
such seat, or a sufficient part thereof, may be readily removed
or adjusted in such a manner as to afford adequate access to
such receptacle for the purpose of removing the contents thereof,
and of cleansing such receptacle, or shall otherwise provide in
or in connection with such privy adequate means of access to
such receptacle for the purpose aforesaid.
79. A person who shall construct a privy in connection with
a building shall not cause or suffer any part of the space under
the seat of such privy, or any part of any receptacle for filth in
or in connection with such privy, to communicate with any drain.
Page 33
80. Every person who shall construct an ashpit in connection
with a building shall construct such ashpit at a distance of
six feet at the least from a dwelling-house or public building, or
any building in which any person may be, or may be intended
to be, employed in any manufacture, trade, or business.
81. A person who shall construct an ashpit in connection
with a building shall not construct such ashpit within the distance
of thirty feet from any water supplied for use, or used or likely
to be used, by man for drinking or domestic purposes, or for
manufacturing drinks for the use of man, or otherwise in such
a position as to endanger the pollution of any such water.
82. Every person who shall construct an ashpit in connection
with a building shall construct such ashpit in such a manner and
in such a position as to afford ready means of access to such
ashpit for the purpose of cleansing such ashpit, and of removing
the contents thereof, and, so far as may be practicable, in such
a manner and in such a position as to admit of the contents of
such ashpit being removed therefrom, and from the premises to
which such ashpit may belong, without being carried through
any dwelling-house or public building, or any building in which
any person may be, or may be intended to be employed in any
manufacture, trade, or business.
83. Every person who shall construct an ashpit in connection
with a building shall construct such ashpit of a capacity not
exceeding in any case six cubic feet, or of such less capacity as
may be sufficient to contain all dust, ashes, rubbish, and dry
refuse which may accumulate during a period not exceeding one
week upon the premises to which such ashpit may belong.
84. Every person who shall construct an ashpit in connection
with a building shall construct such ashpit with flagging, or of
slate, or of good brick-work, at least nine inches thick, and rendered
inside with good cement, or properly asphalted.
He shall construct such ashpit so that the floor thereof shall
be at a height of not less than three inches above the surface of
the ground adjoining such ashpit, and he shall cause such floor
to be properly flagged or asphalted.
He shall cause such ashpit to be properly roofed over and
ventilated, and to be furnished with a suitable door in such a
position and so constructed and fitted as to admit of the convenient
removal of the contents of such ashpit, and to admit
of being securely closed and fastened for the effectual prevention
of the escape of any of the contents of such ashpit.
Page 34
85. A person who shall construct an ashpit in connection
with a building shall not cause or suffer any part of such ashpit
to communicate with any drain.
86. Every person who shall construct a cesspool in connection
with a building shall construct such cesspool at a distance
of fifty feet at the least from a dwelling house or public building,
or any building in which any person may be, or may be
intended to be, employed in any manufacture, trade or business.
87. A person who shall construct a cesspool in connection
with a building shall not construct such cesspool within the
distance of fifty feet from any water supplied for use, or used
or likely to be used by man for drinking or domestic purposes,
or for manufacturing drinks for the use of man. or otherwise in
such a position as to endanger the pollution of any such water.
88. Every person who shall construct a cesspool in connection
with a building shall construct such cesspool in such a
manner and in such a position as to afford ready means of access
to such cesspool for the purpose of cleansing such cesspool, and
of removing the contents thereof, and in such a manner and in
such a position as to admit of the contents of such cesspool
being removed therefrom, and from the premises to which such
cesspool may belong, without being carried through any dwelling-
house or public building, or any building in which any person
may be, or may be intended to be, employed in any manufacture,
trade, or business.
He shall not in any case construct such cesspool so that it
shall have, by drain or otherwise, any outlet into or means of
communication with any sewer.
89. Every person who shall construct a cesspool in connection
with a building shall construct such cesspool of good
brickwork in cement properly rendered inside with cement, and
with a backing of at least nine inches of well puddled clay
around and beneath such brickwork.
He shall also cause such cesspool to be arched or otherwise
properly covered over, and to be provided with adequate means
of ventilation.
With respect to the Closing of Buildings or Parts of Buildings
unfit for Human Habitation, and to Prohibition of their
Use for such Habitation.
90. ]n every case:-
Where, by a notice in writing in the form hereunto appended,
or to the like effect, and signed by the clerk to the Sanitary
Page 35
Authority, and duly served upon and delivered to the owner of
a building or part of a building erected after the constitution of
the district, the Sanitary Authority shall certify that it has been
represented to them that such building or part of a building is
unfit for human habitation, and that, unless on or before such
day as shall be specified in such notice, such owner, by a statement
in writing under his hand or under the hand of his agent
duly authorized in that behalf, and addressed to and duly served
upon or delivered to the Sanitary Authority, shall show sufficient
cause why such building or part of a building shall not be
declared unfit for human habitation, or unless, on such day and
at such time and place as shall be specified in such notice, such
owner personally or by his agent duly authorized in that behalf
shall attend before the Sanitary Authority and show sufficient
cause why such building or part of a building shall not be
declared unfit for human habitation, the Sanitary Authority will
declare such building or part of a building unfit for human
habitation, and direct that such building or part of a building
shall be closed, and prohibit the use for human habitation of
such building or part of a building until the same shall have
been rendered fit for human habitation:
And where such owner shall fail to show sufficient cause why
such building or part of a building shall not be declared unfit
for human habitation, and where, in consequence of such
failure, the Sanitary Authority by their order, which shall be in.
writing under their seal in the form hereunto appended, or to
the like effect, and shall be duly signed by their clerk, and
which or a copy of which shall be affixed in some conspicuous
position in or upon such building or part of a building, may
declare that such building or part of a building is unfit for
human habitation, and may direct that, unless and until such
building or part of a building shall have been rendered fit for
human habitation, the same shall be closed, and the use thereof
for human habitation shall be prohibited:
A person shall not, after the date specified in such order and
before such building or part of a building shall have been rendered
fit for human habitation, knowingly inhabit or continue
to inhabit, or knowingly cause or suffer to be inhabited, such
building or part of a building.
Page 36
FORM OF NOTICE.
District of_____________________
To of
WHEREAS by a statement in writing under the hand of
Medical Officer of Health (or
Surveyor) of the Sanitary Authority for the District of
, of which statement a copy is
contained in the schedule hereunto annexed, it has been certified
to the said Sanitary Authority that a certain building or part of
a building situate at
in the said district is unfit for human habitation.
And whereas it has been shown to the said Sanitary Authority
that you are the owner of such building or part of a building ;
Now, I, , clerk to the said Sanitary
Authority, do hereby give you notice that, unless on or before
the day of 18 ,
by a statement in writing under your hand or under the hand of
an agent duly authorized by you in that behalf, and addressed
to and duly served upon or delivered to the said Sanitary Authority,
you shall show to the said Sanitary Authority sufficient
cause why such building or part of a building shall not be declared
unfit for human habitation;
Or unless you shall attend either personally or by an agent
duly authorized in that behalf before the said Sanitary Authority
at their office in on
day, the day of
18 , at o'clock in the noon,
and shall then and there show to the Sanitary Authority sufficient
cause why such building or part of a building shall not
be declared unfit for human habitation;
The said Sanitary Authority, in pursuance of the powers conferred
upon them in that behalf, will, by an order in writing
under their seal, declare that such building or part of a building
is unfit for human habitation, and direct that, unless and until
such building or part of a building shall have been rendered fit
for human habitation, the same shall be closed, and the use
thereof for human habitation shall be prohibited.
Witness my hand this day of
in the year one thousand eight hundred and
-------------------
Clerk to the Sanitary Authority.
Page 37
SCHEDULE.
Copy of Certificate.
FORM ORDER.
District of________________________
To , of ,and
to all others whom it may concern:
WHEREAS it has been certified to us, the Sanitary Authority
for the district of , that a certain building
or part of a building situate at
in the said district is unfit for human habitation;
And whereas due notice of such certificate has been given to
, the owner of such building or
part of a building, and the said
has failed to show sufficient cause why such building or part of
a building shall not be declared unfit for human habitation;
Now we, the said Sanitary Authority, in pursuance of the
powers conferred upon us in that behalf, do hereby declare that
such building or part of a building is unfit for human habitation;
and we do hereby direct that, unless and until such building or
part of a building shall have been rendered fit for human habitation,
the same shall be closed, and the use thereof for human
habitation shall be prohibited.
|---------| Given under the common seal of the Sanitary
| | Authority for the district of
| L.S. | , this day of
| | , in the year one thousand
|---------| eight hundred and
--------------------------------
Clerk to the Sanitary Authority.
As to the giving of Notices, Deposit of Plans and Sections by
Persons intending to lay out Streets or to construct Buildings;
as to Inspection by the Sanitary Authority; and as to the.
Power of such Authority to remove, alter, or pull down any
Work begun or done in contravention of the Byelaws.
91. Every person who shall intend to lay out a street shall
give to the Sanitary Authority notice in writing of such intention,
Page 38
which shall be delivered or sent to their clerk at his or their
office, or to their surveyor at his or their office, and shall at the
same time deliver or send, or cause to be delivered or sent, to
their clerk at his or their office, or to their surveyor at his or
their office, a plan and sections of such intended street, drawn
to a scale of not less than one inch to every forty-four feet.
Such person shall show on every such plan the names of the
owners of the land through or over which such street shall be
intended to pass, the intended level and width, the points of the
compass, the intended mode of construction, the intended name
of such street and its intended position in relation to the streets
nearest thereto, the size and number of the intended building
lots, and the intended sites, height, class, and nature of the
buildings to be erected therein, and the intended height of the
division and fence walls thereon, and the name and address of
the person intending to lay out such street.
Such person shall sign such plan, or cause the same to be
signed by his duly authorized agent.
Such person shall show on every such section the levels of
the present surface of the ground above some known datum, the
intended level and rate or rates of inclination of the intended
street, the level and inclinations of the streets with which it is
intended that such street shall be connected, and the intended
level of the lowest floors of the intended buildings.
92. Every person who shall intend to erect a building shall
give to the Sanitary Authority notice in writing of such intention,
which shall be delivered or sent to their clerk at his or their
office, or to their surveyor at his or their office, and shall at the
same time deliver or send, or cause to be delivered or sent to
their clerk at his or their office, or to their surveyor at his or
their office, complete plans and sections of every floor of such
intended building, which shall be drawn to a scale of not less
than one inch to every eight feet, and shall show the position,
form, and dimensions of the several parts of such building, and
of every water-closet, earth-closet, privy, ashpit, cesspool, well,
and all other appurtenances.
Such person shall at the same time deliver or send, or cause
to be delivered or sent, to the clerk to the Sanitary Authority
at his or their office, or to their surveyor at his or their office, a
description in writing of the materials of which it is intended
that such building shall be constructed, and of the intended
mode of drainage and means of water supply.
Such person shall at the same time deliver or send, or cause
to be delivered or sent, to the clerk to the Sanitary Authority at
Page 39
his or their office, or to their surveyor at his or their office, a
block plan of such building which shall be drawn to a scale of
not less than one inch to every forty-four feet, and shall show the
position of the buildings and appurtenances of the properties
immediately adjoining, the width and level of the street in front,
and of the street, if any, at the rear of such building, the level
of the lowest floor of such building, and of any yard or ground
belonging thereto.
Such person shall likewise show on such plan the intended
lines of drainage of such building, and the intended size, depth,
and inclination of each drain; and the details of the arrangement
proposed to be adopted for the ventilation of drains.
93. Every person who shall intend to layout or construct a
street, or to erect a building, or otherwise to execute any work
to which any of the byelaws relating to new streets and buildings
may apply, shall before beginning to lay out or construct such
street, or to erect such building, or to execute such work, deliver
or send, or cause to be delivered or sent to the surveyor of the
Sanitary Authority at his or their office, notice in writing, in
which shall be specified the date on which such person will
begin to lay out or to construct such street, or to erect such
building, or to execute such work.
Such person shall also, before proceeding to cover up any
sewer or drain, or any foundation of a building, deliver or send,
or cause to be delivered or sent, to the surveyor of the Sanitary
Authority at his or their office notice in writing, in which shall
be specified the date on which such person will proceed to cover
up such sewer, drain, or foundation.
If such person neglect or refuse to deliver or send any such
notice, or to cause any such notice to be delivered or sent to such
surveyor, and if such surveyor, on inspecting any work in connection
with such street or building, or such other work as aforesaid,
finds that such work is so far advanced that he cannot
ascertain whether anything required by any byelaw relating to
new streets or buildings has been done contrary to such byelaw,
or whether anything required by such byelaw to be done has been
omitted to be done, and if, within a reasonable time after such
survey or inspection, such person shall, by notice in writing
under the hand of such surveyor, be required, within a reasonable
time which shall be specified in such notice, to cause so
much of such work as prevents such surveyor from ascertaining
whether anything has been done or omitted to be done as
aforesaid to be cut into, laid open, or pulled down to a sufficient
extent to enable such surveyor to ascertain whether anything
Page 40
has been done or omitted to be done as aforesaid, such person
shall within the time specified in such notice cause such work to
be so cut into, laid open, or pulled down.
94. In every case:-
Where a person who shall lay out or construct a street, or
shall erect a building, or shall execute any other work to which
the byelaws relating to new streets and buildings may apply,
shall, at any reasonable time during the progress or after the
completion of the laying out or construction of such street, or
the erection of such building, or the execution of such work,
receive from the surveyor of the Sanitary Authority notice in
writing specifying any matters in respect of which the laying
out or construction of such street, the erection of such building,
or the execution of such work may be in contravention of
any byelaw relating to new streets or buildings, and requiring
such person within a reasonable time, which shall be specified
in such notice, to cause anything done contrary to any such
byelaw to be amended, or to do any thing which by such byelaw
may be required to be done but which has been omitted to be
done:
Such person shall, within the time specified in such notice,
comply with the several requirements thereof so far as such requirements
relate to matters in respect of which the laying out
or construction of such street, the erection of such building, or
the execution of such work may be in contravention of any
such byelaw.
Such person, within a reasonable time after the completion
of any work which may have been executed in accordance with
any such requirement, shall deliver or send, or cause to be delivered
or sent to the surveyor of the Sanitary Authority at his
or their office notice in writing of the completion of such work,
and shall, at all reasonable times within a period of seven days
after such notice shall have been so delivered or sent, afford
such surveyor free access to such work for the purpose of inspection.
95. Every person who shall lay out or construct a street, or
shall erect a building, or shall execute any other work to which
any of me byelaws relating to new streets and buildings shall
apply, shall, at all reasonable times, during the laying out or
construction of such street, or the erection of such building, or
the execution of such work, afford the surveyor of the Sanitary
Authority free access to such street, building, or work, for the
purpose of inspection.
Page 41
96. Every person who shall lay out or construct a street shall,
within a reasonable time after the completion of the laying
out or construction of such street, deliver or send, or cause to
be delivered or sent, to the surveyor of the Sanitary Authority,
at his or their office, notice in writing of the completion of the
laying out or construction of such street, and shall, at all reasonable
times, within a period of seven days after such notice shall
have been so delivered or sent, afford such surveyor free access
to such street for the purpose of inspection.
97. Every person who shall erect a building shall, within a
reasonable time after the completion of the erection of such
building, deliver or send or cause to be delivered or sent to the
surveyor of the Sanitary Authority, at his or their office, notice
in writing of the completion of the erection of such building,
and shall, at all reasonable times, within a period of seven days
after such notice shall have been so delivered or sent, and
before such building shall be occupied, afford such surveyor
free access to every part of such building for the purpose of inspection.
98. Every person who shall offend against any of the foregoing
byelaws shall be liable for every such offence to a penalty
of forty shillings, and in the case of a continuing offence to a
further penalty of forty shillings for each day after written
notice of the offence from the Sanitary Authority.
Provided, nevertheless, that the justices or court before whom
any complaint may be made or any proceedings may be taken
in respect of any such offence may, if they think fit, adjudge
the payment as a penalty of any sum less than the full amount
of the penalty imposed by this byelaw.
99. If any work to which any of the byelaws relating to new
streets and buildings may apply be begun or done in contravention
of any such byelaw, the person by whom such work
shall be so begun or done, by a notice in writing, which shall
be signed by the clerk to the Sanitary Authority, and shall be
duly served upon or delivered to such person, shall be required
on or before such day as shall be specified in such notice by a
statement in writing under his hand or under the hand of an agent
duly authorized in that behalf, and addressed to and duly served
upon the Sanitary Authority, to show sufficient cause why such
work shall not be removed, altered, or pulled down; or shall be
required on such day and at such time and place as shall be
specified in such notice to attend personally or by an agent
duly authorized in that behalf before the Sanitary Authority and
Page 42
show sufficient cause why such work shall not be removed,
altered, or pulled down.
If such person shall fail to show sufficient cause why such
work shall not be removed, altered or pulled down, the Sanitary
Authority shall be empowered, subject to any statutory provision
in that behalf, to remove, alter, or pull down such work.
SEALED with the Common Seal |-----------------|
of the Local Board, for the District | Wirksworth |
of Wirksworth, at a meeting held on | Local Board and |
the Third day of December, One | Urban Sanitary |
thousand eight hundred and seventy- | Authority |
nine |-----------------|
(Signed)
P. HUBBERSTY, Chairman.
(Countersigned)
J. F. KINGDON, Clerk.
ALLOWED by the Local Govern |------------------|
ment Board this Eighth day of | Seal of the |
December, One thousand eight | Local Government |
hundred and seventy-nine | Board |
|------------------|
G. SCLATER-BOOTH, President.
JOHN LAMBERT, Secretary.
Page 43
MADE BY THE LOCAL BOARD FOR THE DISTRICT
OF WIRKSWORTH, ACTING AS THE URBAN
SANITARY AUTHORITY, WITH RESPECT TO
|
For fixing and from time to time varying the Number of Lodgers
who may be received into a Common Lodging-house, and for
the separation of the Sexes therein; and
For promoting cleanliness and ventilation in such Houses; and
For the giving of Notices and the taking Precautions in the case
of any Infections Disease; and
Generally for the well-ordering of such Houses.
Interpretation of Terms.
[Throughout these Byelaws the expression "The Sanitary
Authority" means the Local Board for the District of
Wirksworth acting as the Urban Sanitary Authority; and
the expression " the District" means the Urban Sanitary
District of Wirksworth.]
1. A keeper of a common lodging-house shall not at any
one time receive, or cause or suffer to be received into such
house, or into any room therein, a greater number of lodgers
than shall be fixed by the Sanitary Authority as the maximum
number of lodgers authorized to be received into such house,
or into such room, and shall be specified in a notice in writing,
according to the form hereinafter prescribed, which shall be
duly served upon or delivered to such keeper, and shall continue
in force until, in pursuance of the provisions of the byelaw
in that behalf, the number so fixed and specified shall be
varied by the Sanitary Authority.
Page 44
Form of Notice.
To of
WHEREAS, in pursuance of the statutory provision in that
behalf, you have been duly registered by the Sanitary Authority
for the district of , as the keeper of a common
lodging-house, situated at , in the said district:
Now I, , clerk to the said Sanitary Authority,
do hereby give you notice that, in the exercise of the powers
conferred upon them in that behalf, the said Sanitary Authority
have fixed as the maximum number of lodgers authorized to be
received at any one time into such house, and into the several
rooms therein, the number specified in respect of such house
and of each of such rooms in the Schedule hereunto appended.
SCHEDULE.
District of
Common lodging-house, situated at
Name of keeper
The maximum number of lodgers authorized to be received
at any one time into each of the several rooms in this house is
the number specified in respect of such room in the appropriate
column of the following table:-
--------------|------------|----------------|---------
|Description |Dimensions or |Maximum
----- |or number of|cubical contents|number of
|room |of room |lodgers
--------------|------------|----------------|---------
Ground Storey | | |
--------------|------------|----------------|---------
First Storey | | |
--------------|------------|----------------|---------
Second Storey | | |
--------------|------------|----------------|---------
Topmost Storey| | |
--------------|------------|----------------|---------
|
For the purposes of this notice every two children under the age of ten
years may be counted as one lodger.
Witness my hand this day of 18
Clerk to the Sanitary Authority.
Page 45
2. A keeper of a common lodging-house, in any case where
the Sanitary Authority may, from time to time, determine that
it is expedient to vary the number fixed by them as the maximum
number of lodgers authorized to be received into such house,
or into any room therein, and may from time to time, for the
purpose of such variation, caused to be duly served upon or
delivered to such keeper a notice in writing according to the
form hereinafter prescribed, shall not, at any one time, after any
such notice shall have been duly served upon or delivered to
him, and after the date specified in such notice, and until, in
pursuance of the provisions of this byelaw, the number specified
in such notice shall be further varied, receive, or cause or suffer
to be received into such house, or into any room therein, a
greater number of lodgers than shall be specified in such notice
as the maximum number of lodgers authorized to be received
into such house, or into such room.
Form of Notice.
To of
WHEREAS, in pursuance of the statutory provision in that
behalf, you have been duly registered by the Sanitary Authority
for the district of as the keeper of a common
lodging-house, situated at , in the said district:
And whereas the said Sanitary Authority have determined that
it is expedient to vary the number heretofore fixed by them as
the maximum number of lodgers authorized to be received at
any one time into such house and into the several rooms therein:
Now I, , clerk to the said Sanitary Authority,
do hereby give you notice that from and after the
day of , the maximum number of lodgers
authorized to be received at any one time into such house and
into the several rooms therein shall be the number specified in
respect of such house and of each of such rooms in the Schedule
hereunto appended.
SCHEDULE.
District of
Common lodging-house, situated at
Name of keeper
The maximum number of lodgers authorized to be received
at one time into this house is
Page 46
The maximum number of lodgers authorized to be received
at any one time into each of the several rooms in this house is
the number specified in respect of such room in the appropriate
column of the following table :
--------------|------------|----------------|---------
|Description |Dimensions or |Maximum
----- |or number of|cubical contents|number of
|room |of room |lodgers
--------------|------------|----------------|---------
Ground Storey | | |
--------------|------------|----------------|---------
First Storey | | |
--------------|------------|----------------|---------
Second Storey | | |
--------------|------------|----------------|---------
Topmost Storey| | |
--------------|------------|----------------|---------
|
For the purposes of this notice every two children under the age of ten
years may be counted as one lodger.
Witness my hand this day of 18
-----------------------------------
Clerk to the Sanitary Authority.
3. A keeper of a common lodging-house shall not, except in
such cases as are hereinafter specified, cause or suffer any person
of the male sex above the age of ten years to use or occupy any
room which may be used or occupied as a sleeping apartment
by persons of the female sex.
Such keeper shall not, except in such cases as are hereinafter
specified, cause or suffer any person of the female sex to use or
occupy any room which may be used or occupied as a sleeping
apartment by persons of the male sex above the age of ten years:
Provided that this byelaw shall not be taken to prohibit the
use and occupation by a husband and wife of any room which
may not be used or occupied by any other person of either sex
above the age of ten years, or which may be used, in accordance
with the provisions of the byelaw in that behalf, as a sleeping
apartment for two or more married couples.
4. Every keeper of a common lodging-house shall cause every
room therein which may be appointed for use and occupation
as a sleeping apartment by two or more married couples to be
so furnished or fitted that every bed, when in use and occupa-
Page 47
tion, shall be effectually screened from the view of any occupant
of any other bed, by means of a partition of wood or other solid
material, which shall be constructed and fixed or placed so as
to allow adequate means of access to the bed which such partition
is intended to screen, and so as to extend upwards throughout
the whole length and breadth of such bed to a sufficient
height above such bed, and downwards to a distance of not
more than six inches above the level of the floor.
5. Every keeper of a common lodging-house shall cause every
yard, area, forecourt, or other open space within the curtilage of
the premises to be maintained at all times in good order, and to
be thoroughly cleansed, from time to time, as often as may be
reasonably necessary for the purpose of keeping such yard, area,
forecourt, or other open space in a clean and wholesome condition.
6. Every keeper of a common lodging-house shall cause the
floor of every room or passage and every stair in such house to
be thoroughly swept once at least in every day, before the hour
of ten in the forenoon, and to be thoroughly washed once at least
in every week.
7. Every keeper of a common lodging-house shall cause every
window, every fixture or fitting of wood, stone, or metal, and
every painted surface in such house to be thoroughly cleansed,
from time to time, as often as shall be requisite.
8. Every keeper of a common lodging-house shall cause all
bed-clothes and bedding, and every bedstead used in such
house, to be thoroughly cleansed, from time to time, as often
as shall be requisite for the purpose of keeping such bed-clothes,
bedding, and bedstead in a clean and wholesome condition.
9. Every keeper of a common lodging-house shall, for the use
of the lodgers received into such house, cause to be provided a
sufficient number of basins, or other receptacles for water, of
adequate capacity and suitably placed, and a sufficient supply
of water and a sufficient number of towels for use in connection
with such basins or other receptacles. He shall cause such
basins or receptacles to be kept clean and in good order, and
the supply of towels to be renewed, from time to time, as often
as may be requisite.
10. Every keeper of a common lodging-house shall cause all
solid or liquid filth or refuse to be removed once at least in
every day before the hour of ten in the forenoon from every
room in such house, and shall once at least in every day cause
Page 48
every vessel, utensil, or other receptacle for such filth or refuse
to be thoroughly cleansed.
11. Every keeper of a common lodging-house shall cause the
seat, floor, and walls of every water-closet, earth-closet, or privy
belonging to such house to be thoroughly cleansed from time
to time, as often as may be necessary, for the purpose of
keeping such seat, floor, and walls in a clean and wholesome
condition.
12. Every keeper of a common lodging-house shall cause
every part of the structure of every water-closet belonging to
such house to be maintained at all times in good order, and
every part of the apparatus of such water-closet and every drain
or means of drainage with which such water-closet may communicate
to be maintained at all times in good order and efficient
action.
13. Every keeper of a common lodging-house shall cause
every earth-closet or privy belonging to such house, and every
receptacle for filth provided or used in connection with such
earth-closet or privy to be maintained at all times in good order
and in a wholesome condition.
He shall cause all such means or apparatus as may be provided
or used in or in connection with such earth-closet or
privy and such receptacle, for the frequent and effectual application
of dry earth, or other deodorizing substance, to any filth
deposited in such receptacle, to be maintained at all times in
good order and efficient action.
He shall cause a sufficient supply of such dry earth or other
deodorizing substance to be from time to time provided for use
in such earth-closet, privy, or receptacle for filth, and shall cause
such dry earth or other deodorizing substance to be frequently
and effectually applied to such filth, or he shall cause such dry
earth, or other deodorizing substance, as may from time to time
be supplied to such house, in pursuance of the statutory provision
in that behalf by the Sanitary Authority or by any person
with whom they may contract for the purpose, to be frequently
and effectually applied to such filth.
14. Every keeper of a common lodging-house shall cause
every ash-pit belonging to such house to be maintained at all
limes in good order and in a wholesome condition.
He shall not cause or suffer any filth or wet refuse to be thrown
into any ash-pit constructed and adapted for use only as a receptacle
for ashes, dust, and dry refuse.
Page 49
15. Every keeper of a common lodging-house shall cause all
such means of ventilation as may be provided in or in connection
with any room or passage in such house and in or in connection
with any water-closet, earth-closet, or privy belonging to
such house, to [be maintained at all times in good order and
efficient action.
16. Every keeper of a common lodging-house shall, except
in such cases as are hereinafter specified, cause every window
in every room in such house which may be appointed for use
and occupation as a sleeping apartment to be opened and to be
kept fully open for one hour at least in the forenoon, and for
one hour at least in the afternoon of every day;
Provided that such keeper shall not be required, in pursuance
of this byelaw, to cause any such window to be opened
or to be kept open at any time when the state of the weather is
such as to render it necessary that the window should be closed,
or when any bed in such room may be occupied by any lodger
in consequence of sickness or of other sufficient cause.
17. Every keeper of a common lodging-house shall cause the
bed-clothes of every bed in such house to be removed from
such bed as soon as conveniently may be after such bed shall
have been vacated by any lodger, and shall cause all such bedclothes
and the bed from which such bed-clothes may have
been removed to be freely exposed to the air for one hour at
least in the forenoon, or for one hour at least in the afternoon
of every day.
18. Every keeper of a common-lodging house, immediately
after he shall have been informed or shall have ascertained that
any lodger in such house is ill of any infectious disease, shall
adopt all such precautions as may be necessary to prevent the
spread of such infectious disease.
Such keeper shall not, at any time while such lodger is
suffering from such infectious disease, cause or allow any other
person, except the wife or any other relative of such lodger, or
except a person voluntarily in attendance on such lodger, to use
or occupy the same room as such lodger.
Where, in pursuance of the statutory provision in that behalf,
the Sanitary Authority may order the removal of such lodger
to a hospital or other place for the reception of the sick, such
keeper, on being informed of such order, shall forthwith take
all such steps as may be requisite on his part to secure the safe
and prompt removal of such lodger in compliance with the
order of the Sanitary Authority, and shall, in and about such
D
Page 50
removal, adopt all such precautions as, in accordance with any
instructions which he may receive from the Medical Officer of
Health, may be most suitable for the circumstances of the case.
Where, inconsequence of the illness of such lodger, there may
be reasonable grounds for apprehending the spread of infection,
through the admission of lodgers to any room or rooms in such
house, or through the admission to such room or rooms of the
maximum number of lodgers authorized to be received therein,
such keeper, after being furnished with the necessary instructions
from the Medical Officer of Health, and until the grounds
for apprehending the spread of infection shall have been removed,
shall cease to receive any lodger in such room or rooms,
or shall receive therein such number of lodgers, being less than
the maximum number, as the exigencies of the case may require.
Such keeper shall, immediately after the death, removal, or
recovery of any lodger who may have been ill of any infectious
disease, give written notice thereof to the Medical Officer of
Health, and shall, as soon as conveniently may be, cause every
part of the room which may have been occupied by such lodger
to be thoroughly cleansed and disinfected, and shall also cause
every article in such room which may be liable to retain infection
to be in like manner cleansed and disinfected, unless the
Sanitary Authority shall have ordered the same to be destroyed.
He shall comply with all instructions of the Medical Officer
of Health as to the proper cleansing and disinfection of the
room and articles.
When the same shall have been thoroughly cleansed and disinfected
in accordance with such instructions, he shall give
written notice thereof to the Medical Officer of Health; and,
until two days from the giving of such notice shall have elapsed,
and unless and until by such cleansing and disinfection the
necessary precautions for preventing the spread of disease shall
have been duly taken, such keeper shall not cause or suffer
any other lodger to be received into the room which, in the
case hereinbefore specified, may have been exposed to infection.
19. A keeper of a common lodging-house shall not, at any
time, cause or suffer any room which may be appointed for use
as a kitchen or scullery to be used or occupied as a sleeping
apartment.
20. A keeper of a common lodging-house shall not cause or
suffer any bed in any room which may be used as a sleeping
apartment by persons of the male sex above the age of ten years,
to be occupied at any one time by more than one such person.
Page 51
21. A keeper of a common lodging-house shall not cause or
suffer any lodger to occupy any bed in such house at any time
within the period of eight hours after such bed shall have been
vacated by the last preceding occupant thereof.
22. Every keeper of a common lodging-house shall cause
every room in such house, which may be appointed for use
and occupation as a sleeping apartment, to be furnished with
such number of beds and bedsteads, and with such a supply of
bed-clothes and of necessary utensils, as may be sufficient for
the requirements of the number of lodgers received into such
room.
23. Every keeper of a common lodging-house, on receiving
from the Sanitary Authority a notice or placard wherein shall
be stated the description or number of the room to which such
notice or placard may apply, and the maximum number of
lodgers authorized to be received at any one time in such room,
shall put up or affix and continue such notice or placard in a
suitable and conspicuous position in such room, and in such a
manner that the words and figures in such notice or placard may
be clearly and distinctly visible and legible.
He shall not, at any time, wilfully conceal, deface, alter, or .
obliterate any letter or figure in such notice or placard, or wilfully
or carelessly injure or destroy such notice or placard.
24. Every keeper of a common lodging-house, on receiving
from the Sanitary Authority, for the purpose of exhibition in
such house or in any room, therein, a copy or copies of any byelaw
or byelaws for the time being in force with respect to common
lodging-houses, shall put up or affix and continue such
copy or copies in a suitable and conspicuous position in such
house, or in such room, and in such a manner that the contents
of such copy or copies maybe clearly and distinctly visible and
legible.
He shall not, at any time, wilfully conceal, deface, alter, or
obliterate any part of the contents of such copy or copies, or
wilfully or carelessly injure or destroy such copy or copies.
25. Every keeper of a common lodging-house who shall offend
against any of the foregoing byelaws shall be liable for every
such offence to a penalty of forty shillings, and in the case of a
continuing offence to a further penalty of ten shillings for each
day after written notice of the offence from the Sanitary Authority.
D 2
Page 52
Provided nevertheless, that the justices or court before whom
any complaint may be made or any proceedings may be taken
in respect of any such offence may, if they think fit, adjudge
the payment as a penalty of any sum less than the full amount
of the penalty imposed by this byelaw.
SEALED with the Common Seal |-----------------|
of the Local Board, for the District | Wirksworth |
of Wirksworth, at a meeting held on | Local Board and |
the Third day of December, One | Urban Sanitary |
thousand eight hundred and seventy- | Authority |
nine |-----------------|
(Signed)
P. HUBBERSTY, Chairman.
(Countersigned)
J. F. KINGDON, Clerk.
ALLOWED by the Local Govern- |------------------|
ment Board this Eighth day of | Seal of the |
December, One thousand eight | Local Government |
hundred and seventy-nine | Board |
|------------------|
G. SCLATER-BOOTH, President.
JOHN LAMBERT, Secretary.
Page 53
MADE BY THE LOCAL BOARD FOR THE DISTRICT
OF WIRKSWORTH, ACTING AS THE URBAN
SANITARY AUTHORITY, WITH RESPECT TO
|
For the Prevention of Nuisances arising from Snow, filth, Dust,
Ashes, and Rubbish, and for the Prevention of the Keeping of
Animals on any Premises so as to be Injurious to Health.
Interpretation of Terms.
[Throughout these byelaws the expression "The Sanitary Authority
"means the Local Board for the District of Wirksworth
acting as the Urban Sanitary Authority; and the expression
"The District " means the Urban Sanitary District of Wirksworth.]
1. The occupier of any premises fronting, adjoining, or
abutting on any street shall, as soon as conveniently may be after
the cessation of any fall of snow, remove or caused to be removed
from the footways and pavements adjoining such premises
all snow fallen or accumulated on such footways and pavements,
in such a manner and with such precautions as will prevent any
undue accumulation in any channel or carriageway or upon any
paved crossing.
2. Every person who shall remove any snow from any
premises shall deposit the same in such a manner and with
such precautions as to prevent any undue accumulation thereof
in any channel or carriageway or upon any paved crossing.
If in the process of such removal any snow be deposited upon
Page 54
any footway or pavement, he shall forthwith remove such snow
from such footway or pavement
3. Every person who, for the purpose of facilitating the removal
of any snow from any footway or pavement, shall throw
salt upon such snow shall forthwith effectually remove from such
footway or pavement the whole of the deposit resulting from
the mixture of the salt with the snow.
4. The occupier of any premises who shall remove or cause
to be removed any filth, dust, ashes, or rubbish produced upon
his premises shall not, in the process of removal, deposit such
filth, dust, ashes, or rubbish, or cause or allow such filth, dust,
ashes, or rubbish to be deposited upon any footway, pavement,
or carriageway.
For the purpose of such removal, he shall in every case use,
or cause to be used, a suitable vessel or receptacle, cart, or carriage,
properly constructed, and furnished with a sufficient
covering, so as to prevent the escape of the contents thereof.
If in the process of such removal any person shall slop or
spill or cause or allow to fall upon any footway, pavement, or
carriageway any such filth, dust, ashes, or rubbish, he shall
forthwith remove such filth, dust, ashes, or rubbish from the
place whereon the same may have been slopped or spilled, or
may have fallen, and shall immediately thereafter thoroughly
sweep or otherwise thoroughly cleanse such place.
5. Every person who, for the purpose of depositing any filth,
dust, ashes, or rubbish upon any lands, or premises, or for the
purpose of depositing any dust, ashes, or rubbish in any receptacle
provided by the Sanitary Authority for the temporary
deposit and collection of dust, ashes, and rubbish, shall remove
such filth, dust, ashes, or rubbish from any premises, or from
any cart, carriage, or other means of conveyance across or along
any footway, pavement or carriageway, shall use a suitable vessel
or receptacle properly constructed, and furnished with a
sufficient covering so as to prevent the escape of the contents
thereof; and shall adopt such other precautions as may be
necessary to prevent any such filth, dust, ashes, or rubbish from
being slopped or spilled, or from falling in the process of removal
upon such Footway, pavement, or carriageway.
If in the process of such removal any such filth, dust, ashes,
or rubbish be slopped or spilled or fall upon such footway,
pavement or carriageway, he shall forthwith remove such filth,
dust, ashes, or rubbish from the place whereon the same may
have been slopped or spilled or may have fallen, and shall im-
Page 55
mediately thereafter thoroughly sweep or otherwise thoroughly
cleanse such place.
6. Every person who shall convey any filth, dust, ashes, or
rubbish through or along any street shall use a cart, carriage, or
other means of conveyance, properly constructed, and furnished
with a sufficient covering so as to prevent the escape of the
contents thereof.
If in the process of such conveyance any such filth, dust,
ashes, or rubbish be slopped or spilled, or fall upon any carriageway
or elsewhere in such street, he shall forthwith remove
such filth, dust, ashes, or rubbish from the place whereon the
same may have been slopped or spilled, or may have fallen, and
shall immediately thereafter thoroughly sweep or otherwise thoroughly
cleanse such place.
7. The owner or consignee of any cargo, load, or collection
of filth which may have been conveyed, by water or by land, to
any place within the district to await removal from such place
by such owner or consignee, and may have been deposited to
await such removal upon any premises whereon such filth may
lawfully be deposited, but in such a situation and in such a
manner that such filth may be exposed without adequate means
of preventing the emission of stench therefrom at a distance of
not more than sixty yards from any street, or from any building
or premises used wholly or partly for human habitation, or as a
school, or as a place of public worship, or of public resort or
public assembly, or from any building or premises in or on
which any person may be employed in any manufacture, trade,
or business, shall not, without reasonable excuse, cause or suffer
such filth to remain after the deposit and before the removal
thereof for a longer period than eighteen hours.
8. Every person who may have undertaken to deliver to the
owner or consignee thereof any cargo, load, or collection of filth
which may have been conveyed, by water or by land, to any place
within the district for the purpose of being delivered by such person
to such owner or consignee, and may have been deposited to
await such delivery upon any premises whereon such filth may
lawfully be deposited, but in such a situation and in such a manner
that such filth may be exposed without adequate means of preventing
the emission of stench therefrom at a distance of not
more than sixty yards from any street or from any building or
premises used wholly or partly for human habitation, or as a
school, or as a place of public worship or of public resort or
public assembly, or from any building or premises in or on which
Page 56
any person may be employed in any manufacture, trade, or
business, shall not, without reasonable excuse, cause or suffer
such filth to remain after the deposit and before the removal
thereof for a period of more than eighteen hours.
9. Every person who, for any purpose of agriculture, shall
deposit or cause to be deposited upon any lands or premises
within the distance of sixty yards from any street, or from any
building or premises used, wholly or partly, for human habitation,
or as a school, or as a place of public worship, or of public
resort or public assembly, or from any building or premises
in or on which any person may be employed in any manufacture,
trade, or business, any filth which may have been removed
from any cesspool, or any filth which may have been removed
from any privy, or from any receptacle used in connection with
any privy, and which may not have been effectually deodorized,
shall, with all reasonable despatch, cause such filth to be
ploughed or dug into the ground, or to be covered with a
sufficient layer of earth, ashes, or other suitable substance, or
shall adopt such other precautions as may be reasonably necessary
to prevent the emission of noxious or offensive effluvia
from such filth.
10. The occupier of any premises within the distance of
twenty yards from any street or from any building or premises
used wholly or partly for human habitation, or as a school or
as a place of public worship, or of public resort, or public
assembly, or from any building in or on which any person may
be employed in any manufacture, trade, or business, shall not,
without reasonable excuse, empty or cleanse or cause to be
emptied or cleansed any privy, cesspool, or other receptacle for
filth belonging to his premises, or provided for use on or in
connection with such premises, or remove or cause to be removed
from such privy, cesspool, or receptacle, or from such
premises, any part of the contents of such privy, cesspool, or
receptacle at any time except between the hours of 5.30 a.m.
and 8.30 a.m. during the months of March, April, May, June,
July, August, September, and October, and between the hours
of 7.0 a.m. and 9.30 a.m. during the months of November,
December, January, and February.
11. The occupier of any premises shall not keep any cattle
or deposit the dung of any cattle in such a situation or in such
a manner as to pollute any water supplied for use, or used or
likely to be used by man for drinking or domestic purposes or
Page 57
for manufacturing drinks for the use of man, or any water used
or likely to be used in any dairy.
12. Every occupier of a building or premises wherein or
whereon any horse or other beast of draught or burden or any
cattle or swine may be kept shall provide, in connection with
such building or premises, a suitable receptacle for dung, manure,
soil, filth, or other offensive or noxious matter which may from
time to time be produced in the keeping of any such animal in
such building or upon such premises.
He shall cause such receptacle to be constructed so that the
bottom or floor thereof shall not in any case be lower than the
surface of the ground adjoining such receptacle.
He shall also cause such receptacle to be constructed in
such a manner and of such materials and to be maintained at
all times in such a condition as to prevent any escape of the
contents thereof, or any soakage therefrom into the ground or
into the wall of any building.
He shall cause such receptacle to be furnished with a suitable
cover, and, when not required to be open, to be kept properly
covered.
He shall likewise provide in connection with such building or
premises a sufficient drain, constructed in such a manner and of
such materials and maintained at all times in such a condition
as effectually to convey all urine or liquid filth or refuse therefrom
into a sewer, cesspool, or other proper receptacle.
He shall, once at least in every week, remove or cause to be
removed from the receptacle provided in accordance with the
requirements of this byelaw all dung, manure, soil, filth, or other
offensive or noxious matter produced in or upon such building
or premises and deposited in such receptacle.
13. Every person who shall offend against any of the foregoing
byelaws shall be liable for every such offence to a penalty
of forty shillings, and in the case of a continuing offence to a
further penalty of ten shillings for each day after written notice
of the offence from the Sanitary Authority.
Provided, nevertheless, that the justices or court before whom
any complaint may be made or any proceedings may be taken
in respect of any such offence may, if they think fit, adjudge the
Page 58
payment as a penalty of any sum less than the full amount of
the penalty imposed by this byelaw.
SEALED with the Common Seal |-----------------|
of the Local Board, for the District | Wirksworth |
of Wirksworth, at a meeting held on | Local Board and |
the Third day of December, One | Urban Sanitary |
thousand eight hundred and seventy- | Authority |
nine |-----------------|
(Signed)
P. HUBBERSTY, Chairman.
(Countersigned)
J. F. KINGDON, Clerk.
ALLOWED by the Local Govern- |------------------|
ment Board this Eighth day of | Seal of the |
December, One thousand eight | Local Government |
hundred and seventy-nine | Board |
|------------------|
G. SCLATER-BOOTH, President.
JOHN LAMBERT, Secretary.
Page 59
MADE BY THE LOCAL BOARD FOR THE DISTRICT
OF WIRKSWORTH, ACTING AS THE URBAN
SANITARY AUTHORITY, WITH RESPECT TO
|
THE CLEANSING OF FOOTWAYS AND PAVEMENTS, |
THE REMOVAL OF HOUSE REFUSE, |
and |
THE CLEANSING OF EARTH-CLOSETS,
PRIVIES, ASHPITS, & CESSPOOLS.
|
The Cleansing of Footways and Pavements adjoining any
Premises.
1. The occupier of any premises fronting, adjoining or
abutting on any street shall, once at least in every day, Sundays
excepted, cleanse the footways and pavements adjoining such
premises.
The Removal of House Refuse from any Premises.
2. The occupier of any premises shall, once at least in every
two months, remove the house refuse from such premises.
The Cleansing of Earth-closets, Primes, Ashpits, and Cesspools
belonging to any Premises.
3. The occupier of any premises shall, once at least in every
three months, cleanse every earth-closet belonging to such premises
and furnished with a fixed receptacle for fecal matter,
and with suitable means or apparatus for the frequent and
effectual application of dry earth to such matter.
4. The occupier of any premises shall, once at least in every
week, cleanse every earth-closet belonging to such premises and
Page 60
furnished with a movable receptacle for fecal matter, and with
suitable means or apparatus for the frequent and effectual application
of dry earth to such matter.
5. The occupier of any premises shall, once at least in every
two months, cleanse every privy belonging to such premises and
furnished with a fixed receptacle for faecal matter.
6. The occupier of any premises shall, once at least in every
week, cleanse every privy belonging to such premises and furnished
with a movable receptacle for fecal matter.
7. The occupier of any premises shall, once at least in every
two months, cleanse every ashpit belonging to such premises,
and used only as a receptacle for ashes, dust, and dry refuse.
8. The occupier of any premises shall, once at least in every
two months, cleanse every ashpit belonging to such premises,
and used in connection with a privy as a receptacle for fecal
matter, together with ashes, dust, and dry refuse.
9. The occupier of any premises shall, once at least in every
three months, cleanse every cesspool belonging to such premises.
Penalties.
10. Every person who shall offend against any of the foregoing
byelaws shall be liable for every such offence to a penalty
of forty shillings.
Provided, nevertheless, that the justices or court before whom
any complaint may be made or any proceedings may be taken
in respect of any such offence may, if they think fit, adjudge the
payment as a penalty of any sum less than the full amount of
the penalty imposed by this byelaw.
SEALED with the Common Seal |-----------------|
of the Local Board, for the District | Wirksworth |
of Wirksworth, at a meeting held on | Local Board and |
the Third day of December, One | Urban Sanitary |
thousand eight hundred and seventy- | Authority |
nine |-----------------|
(Signed)
P. HUBBERSTY, Chairman.
(Countersigned)
J. F. KINGDON, Clerk.
Page 61
ALLOWED by the Local Govern- |------------------|
ment Board this Eighth day of | Seal of the |
December, One thousand eight | Local Government |
hundred and seventy-nine | Board |
|------------------|
G. SCLATER-BOOTH, President.
JOHN LAMBERT, Secretary.
Page 62
MADE BY THE LOCAL BOARD FOR THE DISTRICT
OF WIRKSWORTH, ACTING AS THE URBAN
SANITARY AUTHORITY, WITH RESPECT TO
|
Interpretation of Terms.
[Throughout these byelaws the expression "The Sanitary Authority"
means the Local Board for the District of Wirksworth
acting as the Urban Sanitary Authority; and the expression
" The District" means the Urban Sanitary District of
Wirksworth.]
For the Licensing, Registering, and Inspection of Slaughter-houses,
for Preventing Cruelty therein, for keeping the same in a
cleanly and proper state, for removing Filth at least once in
every Twenty-four Hours, and requiring such Slaughterhouses
to be provided with a good supply of Water.
1. Every person who shall apply to the Sanitary Authority
for a licence for the erection of any premises to be used and
occupied as a slaughter-house, shall furnish in the form hereunto
appended a true statement of the particulars therein required
to be specified.
FORM OF APPLICATION FOR A LICENCE
To erect Premises for use and occupation as a Slaughter-house.
To the Sanitary Authority for the District of
I, , of ,
, do hereby apply to you for a licence
in pursuance of the statutory provisions in that behalf, for the
erection of certain premises to be used and occupied as a
slaughter-house; and I do hereby declare that to the best of
my knowledge and belief the Schedule hereunto annexed contains
a true statement of the several particulars therein set forth
with respect to the said premises.
Page 63
SCHEDULE.
----------------------------------------|-----------------------------
1. Boundaries, area, and description |
of the proposed site of the premises |
to be erected for use |
and occupation as a slaughterhouse. |
----------------------------------------|
2. Description of the premises to be |
erected on such site: |
|
(a.) Nature, position, form, super- |
ficial area, and cubical contents |
of the several buildings therein |
comprised. |
|
(b.) Extent of paved area in such |
buildings, and materials to be employed |
in the paving of such area. |
|
(c.) Mode of construction of the |
internal surface of the walls of such |
buildings, and materials to be employed |
in such construction. |
|
(d.) Means of water supply-position, |
form, materials, mode of construction, |
and capacity of the receptacles |
for water to be constructed |
for permanent use in or upon the |
premises. |
|
(e.) Means of drainage -position, |
size, materials, and mode of |
construction of the several drains. |
|
(f.) Means of lighting and ventilation. |
|
(g.) Means of access for cattle |
from the nearest street or public |
thoroughfare. |
|
(h.) Number, position, and dimensions |
of the several stalls, pens, or |
lairs to be provided on the premises. |
|
(i.) Number of animals for which |
accommodation will be provided in |
such stalls, pens, or lairs, |
distinguishing- |
1. Oxen. |
2. Calves. |
3. Sheep or lambs. |
4. Swine. |
----------------------------------------|-----------------------------
Witness my hand this day of 18 .
(Signature of Applicant)
(Address of Applicant.)
Page 64
2. Every person who shall apply to the Sanitary Authority
for a licence for the use and occupation of any premises as a
slaughter-house, shall furnish in the form hereunto appended a
true statement of the particulars therein required to be specified.
FORM OF APPLICATION FOR A LICENCE
For the Use and Occupation of Premises as a Slaughter-house.
To the Sanitary Authority for the District of
I, ,of
, do hereby apply to you for a licence,
in pursuance of the statutory provisions in that behalf, for the
use and occupation as a slaughter-house of the premises hereinafter
described; and I do hereby declare that to the best of
my knowledge and belief the Schedule hereunto annexed contains
a true statement of the several particulars therein set
forth with respect to the said premises.
SCHEDULE.
-------------------------------------------|---------------------------
1. Situation and boundaries of the |
premises to be used and occupied |
as a slaughter-house. |
-------------------------------------------|
2. Christian name, surname, and |
address of the owner of the |
premises. |
-------------------------------------------|
3. Nature and conditions of applicant's |
tenure of the premises: |
(a.) For what term; and whether |
by lease or otherwise. |
(b.) Whether applicant is sole |
owner, lessee, or tenant; or whether |
applicant is jointly interested with |
any other person or persons, and if |
so, with whom, |
-------------------------------------------|
4. Description of the premises: |
(a.) Nature, position, form, super- |
facial area, and cubical contents of |
the several buildings therein comprised.|
(b.) Extent of paved area in such |
Page 65
buildings, and materials employed |
in the paving of such area. |
(c.) Mode of construction of the |
internal surface of the walls of such |
buildings, and materials employed |
in such construction. |
(d.) Means of water supply-position, |
form, materials, mode of con- |
struction, and capacity of the several |
cisterns, tanks, and receptacles for |
water, constructed for permanent |
use in or upon the premises. |
(e.) Means of drainage-position, |
size, materials, and mode of con- |
struction of the several drains. |
(f.) Means of lighting and ventilation. |
(g.) Means of access for cattle |
from the nearest street or public |
thoroughfare. |
(h.) Number, position, and dimensions |
of the several stalls, pens, |
or lairs provided on the premises. |
(i.) Numbers of animals for which |
accommodation will be provided in |
such stalls, pens, or lairs, |
distinguishing- |
1. Oxen. |
2. Calves. |
3. Sheep or lambs. |
4. Swine. |
-------------------------------------------|---------------------------
Witness my hand this day of 18 .
(Signature of applicant.)
(Address of applicant.)
3. Every person to whom the Sanitary Authority may have
resolved that a licence be granted to erect premises for use and
occupation as a slaughter-house shall be entitled to receive from
the sanitary authority a licence in the form hereunto appended,
or to the like effect.
Page 66
FORM OF LICENCE
To erect Premises for use and occupation as a Slaughter-house,
No. of |_________________
Licence.|
Reference to |______________
Folio in Register|
District of
Whereas application has been made to us, the Sanitary Authority
for the district of , by , of ,
, for a licence to erect on a site within the said
district certain premises for use and occupation as a slaughterhouse:
Now we, the said Sanitary Authority, in pursuance of the
powers conferred upon us by the statutory provisions in that
behalf, do hereby license the said , of ,
, to erect for use and occupation as a slaughter-house
upon the site defined or described in the Schedule hereunto
annexed the premises whereof the description is set forth in
the said Schedule.
SCHEDULE.
-------------------------------------|---------------------------------
Boundaries, area, and description of | Description of the premises to be
the proposed site of the premises |erected for use and occupation as
to be erected for use and occupa- |a slaughter-house.
tion as a slaughter-house. |
-------------------------------------|----------------------------------
|
|
|
|
|
|
-------------------------------------|-----------------------------------
|---------| Given under the common seal of the Sanitary
| | Authority for the district of
| L.S. | , this day of
| | , in the year one thousand
|---------| eight hundred and
--------------------------------
Clerk to the Sanitary Authority.
Page 67
4. Every person to whom the Sanitary Authority may have
resolved that a licence be granted for the use and occupation
of any premises as a slaughter-house shall be entitled to receive
from the Sanitary Authority a licence in the form hereunto
appended, or to the like effect:-
FORM OF LICENCE
For the use and occupation of Premises as a Slaughter-house.
No. of |______________
Licence.|
Reference to |_______________
Folio in Register |
District of
Whereas application has been made to us, the Sanitary Authority
for the district of , by , of ,
, for a licence for the use and occupation of certain
premises as a slaughter-house:
Now we, the said Sanitary Authority, in pursuance of the
powers conferred upon us by the statutory provisions in that
behalf, do hereby licence the said , of ,
, to use and occupy as a slaughter-house the premises
whereof the situation and description are set forth in the
Schedule hereunto annexed.
SCHEDULE.
----------------------------------|------------------------------------
Situation of the premises to be |Description of the premises to be
used and occupied as a slaughter- |used and occupied as a slaughterhouse,
house. |
----------------------------------|-------------------------------------
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
----------------------------------|--------------------------------------
|---------| Given under the common seal of the Sanitary
| | Authority for the district of
| L.S. | , this day of
| | , in the year one thousand
|---------| eight hundred and
--------------------------------
Clerk to the Sanitary Authority.
Page 68
5. Every person who may have obtained from the Sanitary
Authority, in accordance with the provisions of the byelaw in
that behalf, a licence to erect any premises for use and occupation
as a slaughter-house, or a licence for the use and occupatlon.
of any premises as a slaughter-house, shall register such
premises at the office of the Sanitary Authority.
He shall, for such purpose, apply, by notice in writing
addressed to the clerk to the Sanitary Authority, to register such
premises; and thereupon it shall be the duty of the clerk to the
Sanitary Authority, within a reasonable time after the receipt of
such notice in writing, to enter in a book to be provided by
the Sanitary Authority in the form hereunto appended the particulars
therein required to be specified.
FORM OF REGISTER OF SLAUGHTER-HOUSES.
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
District of
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
Folio
------|-------|-------|---------|---------|---------|------------------------
Date |Date |Number |Christian|Christian|Situation| Number of animals
of | of | of |Name, |Name, | of | for which accommodation
Regist|Licence|Licence|Surname, |Surname, |Slaughter| is provided
ration| | |Address |Address |House | on the premises.
| | | of | of | |-----|------|-----|-----
| | |Owner |Occupier | | | | |
| | | of | of | | | | |
| | |Slaughter|Slaughter| | | | |
| | |House |House | | | | |
------|-------|-------|---------|---------|---------|-----|------|-----|-----
| | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | |
------|-------|-------|---------|---------|---------|-----|------|-----|-----
6. Every occupier of a slaughter-house shall, at all reasonable
times, afford free access to every part of the premises to the
Medical Officer of Health, the Inspector of Nuisances, or the
Surveyor of the Sanitary Authority, or to any committee
specially appointed by the Sanitary Authority in that behalf,
for the purpose of inspecting such premises.
7. Every occupier of a slaughter-house shall cause every
Page 69
animal brought to such slaughter-house for the purpose of being
slaughtered, and confined in any pound, stall, pen, or lair upon
the premises previously to being slaughtered, to be provided
during such confinement with a sufficient quantity of wholesome
water.
8. Every occupier of a slaughter-house, and every servant of
such occupier, and every other person employed upon the
premises in the slaughtering of cattle shall, before proceeding
to slaughter any bull, ox, cow, heifer, or steer, cause the head
of such animal to be securely fastened so as to enable such
animal to be felled with as little pain or suffering as practicable,
and shall in the process of slaughtering any animal use such
instruments and appliances and adopt such method of slaughtering
and otherwise take such precautions as may be requisite to
secure the infliction of as little pain or suffering as practicable.
9. Every occupier of a slaughter-house shall cause the means
of ventilation provided in or in connection with such slaughterhouse
to be kept at all times in proper order and efficient
action; and so that the ventilation shall be by direct communication
with the external air.
10. Every occupier of a slaughter-house shall cause the
drainage provided in or in connection with such slaughter-house
to be kept at all times in proper order and efficient action.
11. Every occupier of a slaughter-house shall cause every
part of the internal surface of the walls and every part of the
floor or pavement of such slaughter-house to be kept at all times
in good order and repair, so as to prevent the absorption therein
of any blood or liquid refuse or filth which may be spilled or
splashed thereon, or any offensive or noxious matter which may
be deposited thereon or brought in contact therewith.
He shall cause every part of the internal surface above the
floor or pavement of such slaughter-house to be thoroughly
washed with hot lime-wash at least four times in every year-
that is to say, at least once during the periods between the first
and tenth of March, the first and tenth of June, the first and
tenth of September, and the first and tenth of December respectively.
He shall cause every part of the floor or pavement of such
slaughter-house, and every part of the internal surface of every
wall on which any blood or liquid refuse or filth may have been
spilled or splashed, or with which any offensive or noxious matter
may have been brought in contact during the process of
Page 70
slaughtering or dressing in such slaughter-house, to be thoroughly
washed and cleansed within three hours after the completion of
such slaughtering or dressing.
12. An occupier of a slaughter-house shall not at any time
keep any dog, or cause or suffer any dog to be kept in such
slaughter-house.
He shall not at any time keep, or cause or suffer to be kept
in such slaughter-house any animal of which the flesh may be
used for the food of man, unless such animal be so kept in
preparation for the slaughtering thereof upon the premises.
He shall not at any time keep any cattle, or cause or
suffer any cattle to be kept in such slaughter-house for a longer
period than may be necessary for the purpose of preparing such
cattle, whether by fasting or otherwise, for the process of
slaughtering.
If, at any time, he keep, or suffer to be kept, in such slaughterhouse
any cattle for the purpose of preparation, whether by
fasting or otherwise, for the process of slaughtering, he shall
not cause or suffer such cattle to be confined elsewhere than in
the pounds, stalls, pens, or lairs provided on the premises.
13. Every occupier of a slaughter-house shall cause the hide
or skin, fat, and offal of every animal slaughtered on the
premises to be removed therefrom within twenty-four hours
after the completion of the slaughtering of such animal.
14. Every occupier of a slaughter-house shall cause the
means of water supply provided in or in connection with such
slaughter-house to be kept at all times in proper order and
efficient action, and shall provide for use on the premises a
sufficient supply of water for the purpose of thoroughly washing
and cleansing the floor or pavement, every part of the internal
surface of every wall of such slaughter-house, and every vessel
or receptacle which may be used for the collection and removal
from such slaughter-house of any blood, manure, garbage, filth,
or other refuse products of the slaughtering of any cattle or the
dressing" of any carcase on the premises.
15. Every occupier of a slaughter-house shall provide a
sufficient number of vessels or receptacles, properly constructed
of galvanized iron or other non-absorbent material, and furnished
with closely-fitting covers, for the purpose of receiving
and conveying from such slaughter-house all blood, manure,
garbage, filth, or other refuse products of the slaughtering of
any cattle or the dressing of any carcase on the premises.
He shall forthwith upon the completion of the slaughtering
Page 71
of any cattle or the dressing of any carcase in such slaughterhouse
cause such blood, manure, garbage, filth, or other refuse
products to be collected and deposited in such vessels or receptacles,
and shall cause all the contents of such vessels or receptacles
to be removed from the premises at least once in every
twenty-four hours.
He shall cause every such vessel or receptacle to be
thoroughly cleansed immediately after such vessel or receptacle
shall have been used for such collection and removal,
and shall cause every such vessel or receptacle when not in
actual use to be kept thoroughly clean.
16. Every person who shall offend against any of the foregoing
byelaws for the registering and inspection of slaughterhouses,
for preventing cruelty therein, for keeping the same in a
cleanly and proper state, for removing filth at least once in every
twenty four hours, and for requiring such slaughter-houses to be
provided with a sufficient supply of water, shall be liable for
every such offence to a penalty of five pounds, and in the case
of a continuing nuisance, to a penalty of ten shillings for every
day during which such nuisance shall be continued after the
conviction for the first offence:
Provided, nevertheless, that the justices or court before
whom any complaint may be made or any proceedings may be
taken in respect of any such offence may, if they think fit,
adjudge the payment as a penalty of any sum less than the full
amount of the penalty imposed by this byelaw.
SEALED with the Common Seal |-----------------|
of the Local Board, for the District | Wirksworth |
of Wirksworth, at a meeting held on | Local Board and |
the Third day of December, One | Urban Sanitary |
thousand eight hundred and seventy- | Authority |
nine |-----------------|
(Signed)
P. HUBBERSTY, Chairman.
(Countersigned)
J. F. KINGDON, Clerk.
Page 72
ALLOWED by the Local Govern- |------------------|
ment Board this Eighth day of | Seal of the |
December, One thousand eight | Local Government |
hundred and seventy-nine | Board |
|------------------|
G. SCLATER-BOOTH, President.
JOHN LAMBERT, Secretary.
|
|
All Rights Reserved.